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GitHub - NICUP14/MiniLang

 8 months ago
source link: https://github.com/NICUP14/MiniLang
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Mini Lang

A type-safe C successor that compiles directly to x86_64 assembly.

Warning

The language is still under development. Some features are missing.

Check out acwj-git, DoctorWkt's tutorial is the main (best) source of inspiration of this project's structure.

Features

  • Minimal
  • Compiled
  • Typed
  • Functional
  • Inter-op with C functions

Minimal - As close as possible to actual assembly code while maintaining as many high-level features as possible.

Links

Syntax highlighter (VSCode)

Install the VSIX extension ./minilang-highlighter/minilang-highlighter-0.0.1.vsix.

Extensions -> Views and more actions... (top-left three dots) -> Install from VSIX...

Code statistics

File Blank Comment Code
Gen.py 166 38 553
Def.py 141 65 464
ParserClass.py 125 14 464
Parser.py 149 14 454
Lexer.py 38 1 215
Snippet.py 35 0 97
GenStr.py 15 1 94
Main.py 9 1 45
SUM 678 134 2386

Statistics were generated with cloc.

QuickStart

Warning

Source files should be terminated by an extra end keyword due to reusing Parser.compund_statement to parse the program's logic.

Main.py:44: root = Parser.compund_statement()

Primitives

void
int8
int16
int32
int64

Literals

Warning

There is no safety measure regarding string literal manipulation. Doing this will most probably result in a segmentation fault.

# String literal (int8*)
"abc"

# Character literal (int8)
'c'

# Undefined behaviour
"abc" at 0 = 'd'

Operators

Symbol Type Location Operation
+ Binary - Plus
- Binary - Minus
* Binary - Multiply
/ Binary - Divide
% Binary - Modulo
= Binary - Assignment
at Binary - Array access
== Binary - Comparison (Equals)
!= Binary - Negated comparison (Not equals)
<= Binary - Less-than-or-equal comparison
>= Binary - Greater-than-or-equal comparison
< Binary - Less-than comparison
> Binary - Greater-than comparison
& Unary Prefix Address
* Unary Prefix Dereference

Type definitions

Warning

The type definitions defined below are not yet part of the language.

typedef int = int32
typedef ptr = void*
typedef str = int8*
typedef byte = int8
typedef char = int8

Compared to C, MiniLang's void type doesn't take up any space. Thus, a stack variable of type void acts as a stack addr placeholder (its offset coincides with the next stack-allocated variable).

Declaration/Assignment

# Declaration syntax
let variable: type = value
let pointer: type* = address
let array: type[n] = [elem1, elem2, ..., elemn]

# Array accesses (2 equivalent methods)
array at i = 15
array[i] = 15

If statements

# If statement syntax
# if expression1 sign expression2
if a + 5 > 20
    a = 20
end

While loops

# While loop syntax
# while expression sign expression2
while a >= 10
    a = a / 10
end

Functions

# External function syntax (Useful for C inter-op)
extern fun exit(status: int32): void
extern fun printf(msg: int8*, ...): int32

# Function syntax
# fun myfun(param1: type, param2: type2, ...)
fun U64ToStrLen(nr: int64): int64
    let cnt: int64 = 0
    while nr != 0
        nr = nr / 10
        cnt = cnt + 1
    end

    ret cnt
end

License

Copyright © 2023 Nicolae Petri

Licensed under the MIT License.


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