JavaScript Subtract Dates : How To Use It Like a Pro
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JavaScript Subtract Dates : How To Use It Like a Pro
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JavaScript Subtract Dates : How To Use It Like a Pro
Subtracting dates from JavaScript is a common task many developers must perform. Whether you want to calculate the difference between two dates, find out how many days are left until a deadline, or compare the dates of different events, you must know how to subtract dates in JavaScript.
How do I subtract dates? You can use the getTime() function. First, get the number of milliseconds since midnight, January 1, 1970, UTC, for both dates and then subtract it. Divide that return value by milliseconds per day to get the day difference between the two dates.
In this blog post, I will cover:
- Two different ways to subtract dates
- Subtract two dates to get days, hours, minutes, and seconds
- How does date subtraction work in UTC?
- How to subtract N from the number of days
- Frequently asked questions
So let’s dive in!
How to subtract dates in JavaScript?
getTime() method and leveraging the JavaScript Date object.1. JavaScript subtract from date using the getTime() method
getTime() method returns the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970. Here’s an example of subtracting dates using the getTime() method:const date1 = new Date('2023-06-01');
const date2 = new Date('2023-06-15');
const timeDifference = date2.getTime() - date1.getTime();
const daysDifference = timeDifference / (1000 * 3600 * 24);
console.log(`The difference in days is: ${daysDifference}`);
// Output: "The difference in days is: 14"
2. Subtracting dates using the Date Object
Date object provides powerful functionalities to work with dates in JavaScript. Here’s how you can subtract dates using the Date constructor:const date1 = new Date('2023-06-01');
const date2 = new Date('2023-06-15');
const timeDifference = date2 - date1;
const daysDifference = timeDifference / (1000 * 3600 * 24);
console.log(`The difference in days is: ${daysDifference}`);
// Output: "The difference in days is: 14"JavaScript subtract dates to get days
Sometimes, you may need to calculate the difference between two dates in days. Calculating the date difference in days allows you to determine the gap between two dates precisely. Let’s explore how to accomplish this:
const date1 = new Date('2023-06-01');
const date2 = new Date('2023-06-15');
const timeDifference = date2 - date1;
const daysDifference = Math.floor(timeDifference / (1000 * 3600 * 24));
console.log(`The difference in days is: ${daysDifference}`);
// Output: "The difference in days is: 14"JavaScript subtract dates to get hours
If you need to find the difference between two dates in terms of hours, JavaScript has you covered. Calculating the date difference in hours allows you to pinpoint the exact number of hours between two dates. Here’s an example code snippet:
const date1 = new Date('2023-06-01 10:00');
const date2 = new Date('2023-06-01 16:30');
const timeDifference = date2 - date1;
const hoursDifference = Math.floor(timeDifference / (1000 * 3600));
console.log(`The difference in hours is: ${hoursDifference}`);
// Output: "The difference in hours is: 6"JavaScript subtract dates to get minutes
Calculating the difference between two dates in terms of minutes can be valuable in certain scenarios. Determining the difference in minutes between two dates helps you measure time gaps more precisely.
Here’s an example code example:
const date1 = new Date('2023-06-01 10:00');
const date2 = new Date('2023-06-01 10:45');
const timeDifference = date2 - date1;
const minutesDifference = Math.floor(timeDifference / (1000 * 60));
console.log(`The difference in minutes is: ${minutesDifference}`);
// Output: "The difference in minutes is: 45"JavaScript subtract dates to get seconds
For more granular time calculations, understanding how to find the difference in seconds between two dates can be essential. Calculating the date difference in seconds helps you measure time gaps at an even finer level.
Here’s an example code snippet:
const date1 = new Date('2023-06-01 10:00:00');
const date2 = new Date('2023-06-01 10:00:30');
const timeDifference = date2 - date1;
const secondsDifference = Math.floor(timeDifference / 1000);
console.log(`The difference in seconds is: ${secondsDifference}`);
// Output: "The difference in seconds is: 30"Subtract dates and express in years and months
In certain cases, you might want to express the date difference in years and months rather than just days. Expressing the date difference in years and months provides a more intuitive representation of time gaps.
Here’s an example code snippet:
const date1 = new Date('2010-01-01');
const date2 = new Date('2021-06-15');
const yearsDifference = date2.getFullYear() - date1.getFullYear();
const monthsDifference = date2.getMonth() - date1.getMonth();
console.log(`The difference is ${yearsDifference} years and ${monthsDifference} months.`);
// Output: "The difference is 11 years and 5 months."Subtracting hours from a Date in JavaScript
In JavaScript, you can easily subtract hours from a date to determine the time difference. To subtract hours from a date, you can use the setHours() method of the Date object.
Here’s an example code snippet:
const date = new Date();
const hoursToSubtract = 3;
date.setHours(date.getHours() - hoursToSubtract);
console.log(`The date ${hoursToSubtract} hours ago was: ${date}`);
// Output: "The date 3 hours ago was: Sat Jun 17 2023 14:55:53 GMT+0530 (India Standard Time)"Understanding UTC date subtraction in JavaScript
UTC? No. It returns the local date.Working with UTC dates is essential when dealing with international time conversions. To subtract dates using UTC, you can utilize the setUTC* methods of the Date object. Here’s an example code snippet:const date = new Date();
const hoursToSubtract = 3;
date.setUTCHours(date.getUTCHours() - hoursToSubtract);
console.log(`The UTC date ${hoursToSubtract} hours ago was: ${date.toUTCString()}`);
// Output: "The UTC date 3 hours ago was: Sat, 17 Jun 2023 09:26:23 GMT"Subtract dates to get timespan
Calculating the timespan between two dates is useful for tracking durations. To calculate the timespan between two dates, you can subtract the earlier date from the later date. Here’s an example code snippet:
const date1 = new Date('2023-06-01');
const date2 = new Date('2023-06-15');
const timeDifference = date2 - date1;
console.log(`The timespan between the two dates is: ${timeDifference} milliseconds.`);
// Output: "The timespan between the two dates is: 1209600000 milliseconds."Subtract 1 day from date
Subtracting one day from a date is a common operation when working with date manipulations. To subtract 1 day from a date, you can use the setDate() method of the Date object.
Here’s an example code snippet:
const date = new Date();
date.setDate(date.getDate() - 1);
console.log(`The date one day ago was: ${date.toLocaleDateString()}`);
// Output: "The date one day ago was: 6/16/2023"How to subtract 7 days from JavaScript date?
To subtract 7 days from a date, you can use the setDate() method of the Date object. Here’s an example code snippet:
const date = new Date();
date.setDate(date.getDate() - 7);
console.log(`The date 7 days ago was: ${date.toLocaleDateString()}`);
// Output: "The date 7 days ago was: 6/10/2023"How to subtract 30 days from Date in JavaScript?
To subtract 30 days from a date, you can use the setDate() method of the Date object. Here’s an example code snippet:
const date = new Date();
date.setDate(date.getDate() - 30);
console.log(`The date 30 days ago was: ${date.toLocaleDateString()}`);
// Output: "The date 30 days ago was: 5/18/2023"Subtract 6 months from date
Subtracting a specific duration, like 6 months, from a date can be helpful in various scenarios. To subtract months from a date, you can use the setMonth() method of the Date object. Here’s an example code snippet:
const date = new Date();
date.setMonth(date.getMonth() - 6);
console.log(`The date 6 months ago was: ${date.toLocaleDateString()}`);
// Output: "The date 6 months ago was: 12/17/2022"Subtract date from now (current date)
Subtracting a specific date from the current time can help determine the elapsed time. To subtract a date from the current time, you can subtract the date in milliseconds from the current timestamp. Here’s an example code snippet:
const date = new Date('2023-06-01');
const now = new Date();
const timeDifference = now - date;
console.log(`The difference between the date and now is: ${timeDifference} milliseconds.`);
// Output: "TThe difference between the date and now is: 1427395855 milliseconds."Subtract dates and times
Subtracting date and time values provides more precise calculations for specific scenarios. To subtract date and time values, you can subtract the timestamps of the respective dates. Here’s an example code snippet:
const date1 = new Date('2023-06-01 10:00:00');
const date2 = new Date('2023-06-01 09:30:00');
const timeDifference = date1 - date2;
console.log(`The difference in date and time is: ${timeDifference} milliseconds.`);
// Output: "The difference in date and time is: 1800000 milliseconds."How to subtract time from date in JavaScript?
Subtracting time values from a specific date can help track durations. To subtract time values from a date, you can utilize the set* methods of the Date object. Here’s an example code snippet:
const date = new Date();
date.setHours(date.getHours() - 2);
date.setMinutes(date.getMinutes() - 30);
console.log(`The date 2 hours and 30 minutes ago was: ${date}`);
// Output: "The date 2 hours and 30 minutes ago was: Sat Jun 17 2023 15:30:59 GMT+0530 (India Standard Time)"How to subtract year JavaScript date?
To subtract a year from a date, you can use the setFullYear() method of the Date object. Here’s an example code snippet:
const date = new Date();
date.setFullYear(date.getFullYear() - 1);
console.log(`The date one year ago was: ${date.toLocaleDateString()}`);
// Output: "The date one year ago was: 6/17/2022"In this post, explored different methods and use cases for subtracting dates, you can add dates and days as well to the JavaScript date object.
Frequently asked questions
Conclusion
In conclusion, you’ve learned various techniques and code examples to subtract dates, calculate time differences, and perform date manipulations.
By mastering these skills, you’ll be equipped to handle a wide range of date-related scenarios in your JavaScript projects. So go ahead, experiment with different date subtraction methods, and unleash the power of JavaScript’s date manipulation capabilities.
Raja MSR (rajamsr.com) is a technical blog that covers topics such as JavaScript, .NET, Web Development, AWS, DevOps, and more.
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