解决Node.js mysql客户端不支持认证协议引发的“ER_NOT_SUPPORTED_AUTH_MODE”问题

mysql模块（项目地址为https://github.com/mysqljs/mysql）是一个开源的、JavaScript编写的MySQL驱动，可以在Node.js应用中来操作MySQL。但在使用过程中，出现了“ER_NOT_SUPPORTED_AUTH_MODE”问题。

本文介绍了出现该问题的原因及解决方案。

当我试图使用mysql模块来连接MySQL 8时，出现了如下错误信息：

D:\workspaceGithub\nodejs-book-samples\samples\mysql-demo\index.js:17
      throw error;
      ^

Error: ER_NOT_SUPPORTED_AUTH_MODE: Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server; consider upgrading MySQL client
    at Handshake.Sequence._packetToError (D:\workspaceGithub\nodejs-book-samples\samples\mysql-demo\node_modules\mysql\lib\protocol\sequences\Sequence.js:47:14)
    at Handshake.ErrorPacket (D:\workspaceGithub\nodejs-book-samples\samples\mysql-demo\node_modules\mysql\lib\protocol\sequences\Handshake.js:123:18)
    at Protocol._parsePacket (D:\workspaceGithub\nodejs-book-samples\samples\mysql-demo\node_modules\mysql\lib\protocol\Protocol.js:291:23)
    at Parser._parsePacket (D:\workspaceGithub\nodejs-book-samples\samples\mysql-demo\node_modules\mysql\lib\protocol\Parser.js:433:10)
    at Parser.write (D:\workspaceGithub\nodejs-book-samples\samples\mysql-demo\node_modules\mysql\lib\protocol\Parser.js:43:10)
    at Protocol.write (D:\workspaceGithub\nodejs-book-samples\samples\mysql-demo\node_modules\mysql\lib\protocol\Protocol.js:38:16)
    at Socket.<anonymous> (D:\workspaceGithub\nodejs-book-samples\samples\mysql-demo\node_modules\mysql\lib\Connection.js:91:28)
    at Socket.<anonymous> (D:\workspaceGithub\nodejs-book-samples\samples\mysql-demo\node_modules\mysql\lib\Connection.js:525:10)
    at Socket.emit (events.js:196:13)
    at addChunk (_stream_readable.js:290:12)
    --------------------
    at Protocol._enqueue (D:\workspaceGithub\nodejs-book-samples\samples\mysql-demo\node_modules\mysql\lib\protocol\Protocol.js:144:48)
    at Protocol.handshake (D:\workspaceGithub\nodejs-book-samples\samples\mysql-demo\node_modules\mysql\lib\protocol\Protocol.js:51:23)
    at Connection.connect (D:\workspaceGithub\nodejs-book-samples\samples\mysql-demo\node_modules\mysql\lib\Connection.js:119:18)
    at Object.<anonymous> (D:\workspaceGithub\nodejs-book-samples\samples\mysql-demo\index.js:12:12)
    at Module._compile (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:759:30)
    at Object.Module._extensions..js (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:770:10)
    at Module.load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:628:32)
    at Function.Module._load (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:555:12)
    at Function.Module.runMain (internal/modules/cjs/loader.js:826:10)
    at internal/main/run_main_module.js:17:11