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KVM 共享 Intel 集成显卡

 9 months ago
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KVM 共享 Intel 集成显卡

我比较喜欢折腾虚拟化,最近在折腾的就是这个:把宿主机的 Intel 集成显卡 给 Windows 虚拟机使用。Intel 平台做这个事情非常 方便,因为官方有 Intel GVT-g 项目,就是用来把宿主机生成多个虚拟 GPU 给虚拟机用的。

共享集成显卡

  1. 首先我们需要安装 virt-manager
  2. 编辑宿主机 /etc/default/grub 文件,在 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX 中,添加 i915.enable_gvt=1 i915.enable_fbc=0
  3. 重新生成GRUB 配置 sudo update-grub
  4. 编辑 /etc/modules-load.d/kvm-gvt-g.conf 配置文件,内容为:

    kvmgt
    vfio-iommu-type1
    mdev
    
  5. 宿主机安装Mesa库 apt-get install mesa-utils

  6. 重启宿主机,执行 lspci | grep VGA,看看输出是否有 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation UHD Graphics 630 (Mobile) (rev 02) 类似这么一行

  7. 进入文件夹 cd /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000\:00:02.0

  8. 执行 ls -l mdev_supported_types/ 看是否有输出,每一个都是一种GPU的类型,数字越大,显存越小,我试了 V5_4,显存为8G

  9. 选择一个类型,生成一个uuid,创建一个虚拟GPU

    # uuidgen
    945248c6-8d80-44a3-9a19-d85e22b19a7f
    
    # echo 945248c6-8d80-44a3-9a19-d85e22b19a7f | tee mdev_supported_types/i915-GVTg_V5_4/create
    
  10. 上述配置每次重启都会丢失,为了让宿主机每次启动都生成上述GPU,编辑一个systemd文件 /etc/systemd/system/setup-gvt.service

    [Unit]
    Description=Setup GVT
    
    [Service]
    Type=oneshot
    ExecStart=/usr/bin/bash -c 'echo 945248c6-8d80-44a3-9a19-d85e22b19a7f > /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/mdev_supported_types/i915-GVTg_V5_4/create'
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    
  11. 安装Windows 10虚拟机,记得安装 virtio 驱动,这个我在 KVM 显卡穿透给 Windows 讲过,此处不赘述,也可以看参考文档中第一篇

  12. virsh 编辑虚拟机 xml

    • 第一行 <domain type='kvm'> 改成 <domain type='kvm' xmlns:qemu='http://libvirt.org/schemas/domain/qemu/1.0'>
    • 找到 <graphics ...> 那一行,改成

      <graphics type='spice'>
      <listen type='none'/>
      <gl enable='yes' rendernode='/dev/dri/by-path/pci-0000:00:02.0-render'/>
      </graphics>
      
    • 找到 xml 中的 video 那一块,原来的内容可能是

      <video>
      <model type='qxl' ram='65536' vram='65536' vgamem='16384' heads='1' primary='yes'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x0'/>
      </video>
      
    <video>
        <model type='none'/>
    </video>
    
  13. 编辑文件,在 <video> 后面,增加

    <hostdev mode='subsystem' type='mdev' managed='no' model='vfio-pci' display='on'>
    <source>
    <address uuid='945248c6-8d80-44a3-9a19-d85e22b19a7f'/>
    </source>
    <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x06' slot='0x00' function='0x0'/>
    </hostdev>
    
  14. 启动虚拟机

Windows RDP 远程桌面配置优化

  1. Windows-R 输入 gpedit.msc,找到 Computer Configuration > Policies > Administrative Template > Windows Components > Remote Desktop Services > Remote Desktop Session Host > Connections

    • “RDP Transfer Protocols” 设置为 True,下面选择 “Use both UDP and TCP”
  2. Computer Configuration > Policies > Administrative Template > Windows Components > Remote Desktop Services > Remote Desktop Session Host > Remote Session Enviorment 编辑

    • Use hardware graphics adapters for all Remote Desktop Services Sessions = Enabled
    • Prioritize H.264/AVC 444 graphics mode for Remote Desktop Connections = Enabled
    • Configure H.264/AVC Hardware encoding for Remote Desktop Connections = Enabled, Set “Prefer AVC hardware encoding” to “Always attempt”
    • Configure compression for Remote FX data = Enabled, Set RDP compression algorithem: “Do not use an RDP compression algorithm”
    • Configure image quality for RemoteFX Adaptive Graphics = Enabled, Set Image Quality to “High” (lossless seemed too brutal over WAN connections.)
    • Enable RemoteFX encoding for RemoteFX clients designed for Windows Server 2008R2 SP1 = Enabled.
  3. Computer Configuration > Policies&gt;Administrative Template > Windows Components > Remote Desktop Services > Remote Desktop Session Host > Remote Session Enviorment > Remote FX for Windows Server 2008R2

    • Configure Remote FX = Enabled
    • Optimize visual experience when using Remote FX = Enabled
    • Set Screen capture rate (frames per second) = Highest (best quality)
    • Set Screen Image Quality = Highest (best quality)
    • Optimize visual experience for remote desktop sessions = Enabled
    • Set Visual Experience = Rich Multimedia
  4. Windows-R 输入 regedit,找到 [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\WinStations]

    • 新建 Dword(32) 类型,名为 DWMFRAMEINTERVAL,值为 0000000f

参考资料:


macOS/Linux 编译 InputLeap 使用开源软KVM - synergy-core 解决 macOS 终端hostname一直变化问题 KVM 共享 Intel 集成显卡 PromQL 备忘 读《格鲁夫给经理人的第一课》 读《打开心智》 为什么要把复杂的联表操作拆成多个单表查询? 红包系统的设计 2022年终总结 MySQL Index Condition Pushdown Optimization Go mod 简明教程 OpenWRT 使用 Android/iOS USB 网络 搭建旁路由 Golang gRPC 错误处理



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