iTWire - Intel reveals 2024 Xeon architecture: Granite Rapids and Sierra Forest
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Tuesday, 29 August 2023 07:01
Intel reveals 2024 Xeon architecture: Granite Rapids and Sierra Forest Featured
By Stephen Withers
Intel has used the Hot Chips 2023 conference to reveal details of forthcoming Xeon processors codenamed Granite Rapids and Sierra Forest that are expected to arrive in 2024.
To meet changing customer requirements, Intel will deliver processors that meet the performance requirements of compute intensive and AI workloads, as well as the need for higher density and better performance per watt.
Intel's Xeon architecture already offers P-cores for performance and E-cores for efficiency, and its use of separate compute and I/O chiplets within a single package allows the relatively easy development of SKUs with varying core counts, memory channels, I/O lanes and thermal characteristics.
Forthcoming Xeon Granite Rapids P-cores will be built on the Intel 3 (3nm class) process, and will feature improved power efficiency, an enhanced performance optimised microarchitecture with a 64KB, 16-way instruction cache, an improved branch predictor and mis-recovery, three-cycle floating-point multiplication, and more outstanding memory requests and prefetch capabilities.
AI workloads will benefit from higher core counts per socket, and 0.5GB last level cache to support large models.
On the software side, there will be 2K memory encryption keys with 256-bit strength, per-thread memory bandwidth allocation, Prefetch and Taken branch hints, and AMX will support FP16 calculations for AI and ML applications.
Results from Intel's testing include 2-3 times better performance for AI workloads (vs prior generation processors), 2.8 times better memory bandwidth, and 30-40% more MCR memory bandwidth.
For applications that prioritise efficiency over performance, Sierra Forest's E-cores will also be built on the Intel 3 process.
Microarchitecture features aimed at efficiency include a 64KB instruction cache, 6-wide decode, 5-wide allocate, 8-wide retire, 4MB of level 2 cache shared by two or four cores, with 64 outstanding misses.
Sierra Forest will provide 250% better rack density than its Sapphire Rapids predecessor, and a 240% improvement in performance per watt.
Sierra Forest is scheduled to arrive in the first half of 2024, with Granite Rapids following "shortly thereafter".
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