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【笔记】Flutter 的动画

 10 months ago
source link: https://loli.fj.cn/2023/08/17/Flutter%E7%9A%84%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%BB/
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Flutter 的动画学习笔记

duration：定义动画持续时间
curve：定义动画类型

Curves.linear：缺省值，线性
Curves.linear：线性

AnimatedList 动画列表

淡入淡出动画

animation：在新增操作时，animation 的值是从 0 到 1；在删除操作时，animation 的值是从 1 到 0

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> {
  // 定义全局键
  final _globalKey = GlobalKey<AnimatedListState>();

// 定义数据
  List<String> list = ["1", "2"];

// 定义锁，如果上锁就不能做删除操作
  bool lock = false;

Widget _buildItem(index) {
    return ListTile(
      title: Text(list[index]),
      trailing: IconButton(
        icon: const Icon(Icons.delete),
        onPressed: () {
          _deleteItem(index);
        },
      ),
    );
  }

_deleteItem(index) {
    if (lock) {
      return;
    }
    // 上锁
    lock = true;
    _globalKey.currentState!.removeItem(index, (context, animation) {
      var removeItem = _buildItem(index);
      list.removeAt(index);
      return FadeTransition(
        opacity: animation,
        child: removeItem, // 执行动画的元素
      );
    });
    Timer.periodic(const Duration(milliseconds: 500), (timer) {
      // 解锁
      lock = false;
      timer.cancel();
    });
  }

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          list.add("0");
          _globalKey.currentState!.insertItem(list.length - 1);
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: AnimatedList(
        key: _globalKey,
        initialItemCount: list.length,
        itemBuilder: ((context, index, animation) {
          return FadeTransition(
            opacity: animation,
            child: _buildItem(index), // 执行动画的元素
          );
        }),
      ),
    );
  }
}
import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> {
  // 定义全局键
  final _globalKey = GlobalKey<AnimatedListState>();

// 定义数据
  List<String> list = ["1", "2"];

// 定义锁，如果上锁就不能做删除操作
  bool lock = false;

Widget _buildItem(index) {
    return ListTile(
      title: Text(list[index]),
      trailing: IconButton(
        icon: const Icon(Icons.delete),
        onPressed: () {
          _deleteItem(index);
        },
      ),
    );
  }

_deleteItem(index) {
    if (lock) {
      return;
    }
    // 上锁
    lock = true;
    _globalKey.currentState!.removeItem(index, (context, animation) {
      var removeItem = _buildItem(index);
      list.removeAt(index);
      return ScaleTransition(
        scale: animation,
        child: removeItem, // 执行动画的元素
      );
    });
    Timer.periodic(const Duration(milliseconds: 500), (timer) {
      // 解锁
      lock = false;
      timer.cancel();
    });
  }

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          list.add("0");
          _globalKey.currentState!.insertItem(list.length - 1);
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: AnimatedList(
        key: _globalKey,
        initialItemCount: list.length,
        itemBuilder: ((context, index, animation) {
          return ScaleTransition(
            scale: animation,
            child: _buildItem(index), // 执行动画的元素
          );
        }),
      ),
    );
  }
}

AnimatedContainer 动画容器

duration：定义动画持续时间

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> {
  bool flag = true;

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          setState(() {
            flag = !flag;
          });
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: AnimatedContainer(
        duration: const Duration(
          seconds: 1,
        ),
        width: flag ? 200 : 400,
        height: flag ? 200 : 400,
        color: Colors.blue,
      ),
    );
  }
}

AnimatedPadding 动画内边距

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> {
  bool flag = true;

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          setState(() {
            flag = !flag;
          });
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: AnimatedPadding(
        padding: EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(0, flag ? 0 : 200, 0, 0),
        curve: Curves.linear,
        duration: const Duration(
          seconds: 1,
        ),
        child: Container(
          width: 200,
          height: 200,
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

AnimatedOpacity 动画透明度

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> {
  bool flag = true;

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          setState(() {
            flag = !flag;
          });
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: AnimatedOpacity(
        opacity: flag ? 1 : 0.5,
        duration: const Duration(
          seconds: 1,
        ),
        child: Container(
          width: 200,
          height: 200,
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

AnimatedPositioned 动画定位

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> {
  bool flag = true;

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          setState(() {
            flag = !flag;
          });
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: Stack(
        children: [
          AnimatedPositioned(
            top: flag ? 0 : 200,
            duration: const Duration(
              seconds: 1,
            ),
            child: Container(
              width: 200,
              height: 200,
              color: Colors.blue,
            ),
          )
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
}

AnimatedDefaultTextStyle 动画默认文字样式

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> {
  bool flag = true;

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          setState(() {
            flag = !flag;
          });
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: AnimatedDefaultTextStyle(
        style: TextStyle(
          color: Colors.blue,
          fontSize: flag ? 20 : 40,
        ),
        duration: const Duration(
          seconds: 1,
        ),
        child: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
    );
  }
}

AnimatedSwitcher 动画切换

  • 当子元素发生任意改变时触发动画
import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> {
  bool flag = true;

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          setState(() {
            flag = !flag;
          });
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: AnimatedSwitcher(
        duration: const Duration(
          seconds: 1,
        ),
        child: flag ? const Text("文本内容1") : const Text("文本内容2"),
      ),
    );
  }
}

vsync：配置程序的刷新率与手机保持一致

_animationController.forward()：正向运动一次
_animationController.reverse()：逆向运动一次，需要在正向运动后再执行
_animationController.repeat()：正向运动无限循环

_animationController.repeat(reverse: true)：正向运动然后逆向运动无限循环

_animationController.stop()：停止运动
_animationController.reset()：重置

通过构造方法配置 controller

lowerBound：动画初始值

0：缺省值

upperBound：动画终止值

1：缺省值

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
  late AnimationController _animationController;
  bool flag = true;

@override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    _animationController = AnimationController(
      vsync: this,
      duration: const Duration(seconds: 1),
      lowerBound: 0,
      upperBound: 1,
    );
  }

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          flag
              ? _animationController.forward()
              : _animationController.reverse();
          flag = !flag;
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: RotationTransition(
        turns: _animationController,
        child: Container(
          width: 200,
          height: 200,
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

通过 drive 方法配置 controller

begin：动画初始值

0：缺省值

end：动画终止值

1：缺省值

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
  late AnimationController _animationController;
  bool flag = true;

@override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    _animationController = AnimationController(
      vsync: this,
      duration: const Duration(seconds: 1),
    );
  }

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          flag
              ? _animationController.forward()
              : _animationController.reverse();
          flag = !flag;
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: RotationTransition(
        turns: _animationController.drive(Tween(begin: 0, end: 1)),
        child: Container(
          width: 200,
          height: 200,
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

显示 / 隐藏动画

通过构造方法配置 controller

lowerBound：动画初始值

0：缺省值

upperBound：动画终止值

1：缺省值

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
  late AnimationController _animationController;
  bool flag = true;

@override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    _animationController = AnimationController(
      vsync: this,
      duration: const Duration(seconds: 1),
      lowerBound: 0,
      upperBound: 1,
    );
  }

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          flag
              ? _animationController.forward()
              : _animationController.reverse();
          flag = !flag;
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: FadeTransition(
        opacity: _animationController,
        child: Container(
          width: 200,
          height: 200,
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

通过 drive 方法配置 controller

begin：动画初始值

0：缺省值

end：动画终止值

1：缺省值

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
  late AnimationController _animationController;
  bool flag = true;

@override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    _animationController = AnimationController(
      vsync: this,
      duration: const Duration(seconds: 1),
    );
  }

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          flag
              ? _animationController.forward()
              : _animationController.reverse();
          flag = !flag;
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: FadeTransition(
        opacity: _animationController.drive(Tween(begin: 0, end: 1)),
        child: Container(
          width: 200,
          height: 200,
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

放大 / 缩小动画

通过构造方法配置 controller

lowerBound：动画初始值

0：缺省值

upperBound：动画终止值

1：缺省值

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
  late AnimationController _animationController;
  bool flag = true;

@override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    _animationController = AnimationController(
      vsync: this,
      duration: const Duration(seconds: 1),
      lowerBound: 0,
      upperBound: 1,
    );
  }

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          flag
              ? _animationController.forward()
              : _animationController.reverse();
          flag = !flag;
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: ScaleTransition(
        scale: _animationController,
        child: Container(
          width: 200,
          height: 200,
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

通过 drive 方法配置 controller

begin：动画初始值

0：缺省值

end：动画终止值

1：缺省值

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
  late AnimationController _animationController;
  bool flag = true;

@override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    _animationController = AnimationController(
      vsync: this,
      duration: const Duration(seconds: 1),
    );
  }

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          flag
              ? _animationController.forward()
              : _animationController.reverse();
          flag = !flag;
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: ScaleTransition(
        scale: _animationController.drive(Tween(begin: 0, end: 1)),
        child: Container(
          width: 200,
          height: 200,
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

通过 drive 方法配置 controller

begin：动画初始位置

1.0：表示 1 * width
0.5：表示 0.5 * height

end：动画终止位置

0.5：表示 0.5 * width
1.0：表示 1 * height

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
  late AnimationController _animationController;
  bool flag = true;

@override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    _animationController = AnimationController(
      vsync: this,
      duration: const Duration(seconds: 1),
    );
  }

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          flag
              ? _animationController.forward()
              : _animationController.reverse();
          flag = !flag;
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: SlideTransition(
        position: _animationController
            .drive(Tween(begin: const Offset(1.0, 0.5), end: const Offset(0.5, 1.0))),
        child: Container(
          width: 200,
          height: 200,
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

通过 Tween 类配置 controller

import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
  late AnimationController _animationController;
  bool flag = true;

@override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    _animationController = AnimationController(
      vsync: this,
      duration: const Duration(seconds: 1),
    );
  }

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          flag
              ? _animationController.forward()
              : _animationController.reverse();
          flag = !flag;
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: SlideTransition(
        position: Tween(begin: const Offset(1, 0.5), end: const Offset(0.5, 1))
            .animate(_animationController),
        child: Container(
          width: 200,
          height: 200,
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}
添加动画链
  • 通过 chain 方法追加其他方法
import 'dart:async';

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MaterialApp(
    home: App(),
  ));
}

class App extends StatefulWidget {
  const App({super.key});

@override
  State<App> createState() => _AppState();
}

class _AppState extends State<App> with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
  late AnimationController _animationController;
  bool flag = true;

@override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    _animationController = AnimationController(
      vsync: this,
      duration: const Duration(seconds: 1),
    );
  }

@override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text("文本内容"),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: () {
          flag
              ? _animationController.forward()
              : _animationController.reverse();
          flag = !flag;
        },
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),
      body: SlideTransition(
        position: Tween(begin: const Offset(1, 0.5), end: const Offset(0.5, 1))
            .chain(CurveTween(curve: Curves.bounceInOut))
            .chain(CurveTween(curve: const Interval(0, 1)))
            .animate(_animationController),
        child: Container(
          width: 200,
          height: 200,
          color: Colors.blue,
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

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