如何实现 Java SpringBoot 自动验证入参数据的有效性

Java SpringBoot 通过javax.validation.constraints下的注解，实现入参数据自动验证
如果碰到 @NotEmpty 否则不生效，注意看下 @RequestBody 前面是否加上了@Valid

Validation常用注解汇总

 /**
   * 用户名
   */
  @NotBlank(message = "用户名不能为空")
  private String username;
  /**
   * 用户真实姓名
   */
  @NotBlank(message = "用户真实姓名不能为空")
  private String name;

  /**
   * 密码
   */
  @Pattern(regexp = "^(?:(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[0-9])(?=.*[^A-Za-z0-9]))(?=^[^\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]{0,}$).{8,20}$", message = "密码过于简单有被盗风险，请保证密码大于8位，并且由大小写字母、数字，特殊符号组成")  
  private String password;

  /**
   * 邮箱
   */
  @NotBlank(message = "邮箱不能为空")
  @Email(message = "邮箱格式不正确")
  private String email;

  /**
   * 手机号
   */
  @NotBlank(message = "手机号不能为空")
  @Pattern(regexp = "^(1[0-9])\\d{9}$", message = "手机号格式不正确")
  private String mobile;

入参对象上，添加注解及说明

package com.vipsoft.web.entity;

import javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;
import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 定时任务调度
 */
public class QuartzJob implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * 任务序号
     */
    private long jobId;

    /**
     * 任务名称
     */
    @NotBlank(message = "任务名称不能为空")
    @Size(max = 10, message = "任务名称不能超过10个字符")
    private String jobName;

    /**
     * 任务组名
     */
    @NotBlank(message = "任务组名不能为空")
    @Size(max = 10, message = "任务组名不能超过10个字符")
    private String jobGroup;

    /**
     * 调用目标字符串
     */
    private String invokeTarget;

    /**
     * 执行表达式
     */
    private String cronExpression;

    /**
     * cron计划策略 0=默认,1=立即触发执行,2=触发一次执行,3=不触发立即执行
     */
    private String misfirePolicy = "0";

    /**
     * 并发执行 0=允许,1=禁止
     */
    private String concurrent;

    /**
     * 任务状态（0正常 1暂停）
     */
    private String status;

    /**
     * 备注
     */
    private String remark;
}

Controller @RequestBody 前面必须加上 @Valid 否则不生效

import javax.validation.Valid;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("schedule")
public class ScheduleController {

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScheduleController.class);
  
    @RequestMapping("/add")
    public ApiResult addTask(@Valid @RequestBody QuartzJob param) throws Exception {
        logger.info("添加调度任务 => {} ", JSONUtil.toJsonStr(param));
        
        return new ApiResult("添加成功");
    }
}

异常处理，统一返回对象，方便前端解析
GlobalExceptionHandler

package com.vipsoft.web.exception;

import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import com.vipsoft.web.utils.ApiResult;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.validation.BindException;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.validation.ObjectError;
import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 全局异常处理器
 */
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GlobalExceptionHandler.class);
 
    /**
     * 处理自定义异常
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(CustomException.class)
    public ApiResult handleException(CustomException e) {
        // 打印异常信息
        logger.error("### 异常信息:{} ###", e.getMessage());
        return new ApiResult(e.getCode(), e.getMessage());
    }

    /**
     * 参数错误异常
     */
    @ExceptionHandler({MethodArgumentNotValidException.class, BindException.class})
    public ApiResult handleException(Exception e) {
        if (e instanceof MethodArgumentNotValidException) {
            MethodArgumentNotValidException validException = (MethodArgumentNotValidException) e;
            BindingResult result = validException.getBindingResult();
            StringBuffer errorMsg = new StringBuffer();
            if (result.hasErrors()) {
                List<ObjectError> errors = result.getAllErrors();
                errors.forEach(p -> {
                    FieldError fieldError = (FieldError) p;
                    errorMsg.append(fieldError.getDefaultMessage()).append(",");
                    logger.error("### 请求参数错误：{" + fieldError.getObjectName() + "},field{" + fieldError.getField() + "},errorMessage{" + fieldError.getDefaultMessage() + "}");
                });
                return new ApiResult(6001, errorMsg.toString());
            }
        } else if (e instanceof BindException) {
            BindException bindException = (BindException) e;
            if (bindException.hasErrors()) {
                logger.error("### 请求参数错误: {}", bindException.getAllErrors());
            }
        }
        return new ApiResult(6001, "参数无效");
    }

    /**
     * 处理HttpRequestMethodNotSupporte异常
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException.class)
    public Object methodHandler(HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException e) {
        // 打印异常信息
        logger.error("### 异常信息:{} ###", e.getMessage());
        return new ApiResult(6000, e.getMessage());
    }

    /**
     * 处理所有不可知的异常
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    public ApiResult handleOtherException(Exception e) {
        // 打印异常信息
        logger.error("### 系统内部错误:{} ###", e.getMessage(), e);
        String warnMsg = StrUtil.isEmpty(e.getMessage()) ? "### 系统内部错误 ###" : e.getMessage();
        return new ApiResult(6000, "系统内部错误", e.getMessage());
    }

}

统一返回对像 ApiResult

package com.vipsoft.web.utils;


//import com.github.pagehelper.PageInfo;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class ApiResult implements Serializable {

    /**
     * 返回编码 0:失败、1：成功
     */
    private int code;

    /**
     * 返回消息
     */
    private String message;

    /**
     * 返回对象
     */
    private Object data;

    /**
     * 分页对象
     */
    private Page page;

    public ApiResult() {
        this.code = 1;
        this.message = "请求成功";
    }

    public ApiResult(Integer code, String message) {
        this.code = code;
        this.message = message;
    }

    public ApiResult(Integer code, String message, Object data) {
        this.code = code;
        this.message = message;
        this.setData(data);
    }

    public ApiResult(Object data) {
        this.code = 1;
        this.message = "请求成功";
        this.setData(data);
    }

//    public ApiResult(PageInfo pageInfo) {
//        this.code = 1;
//        this.message = "请求成功";
//        this.setData(pageInfo.getList());
//        this.setPage(convertToPage(pageInfo));
//    }
//
//    public Page convertToPage(PageInfo pageInfo) {
//        Page result = new Page();
//        result.setTotalCount(pageInfo.getTotal());
//        result.setPageNum(pageInfo.getPageNum());
//        result.setPageCount(pageInfo.getPages());
//        result.setPageSize(pageInfo.getPageSize());
//        result.setPrePage(pageInfo.getPrePage());
//        result.setNextPage(pageInfo.getNextPage());
//        return result;
//    }

    public int getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(int code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }

    public Object getData() {
        return data;
    }

    public void setData(Object data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

    public Page getPage() {
        return page;
    }

    public void setPage(Page page) {
        this.page = page;
    }
}

运行结果如下