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redis备份与恢复_LinkSLA智能运维管家的技术博客_51CTO博客
source link: https://blog.51cto.com/u_15576159/5929351
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版本：4.0.14
持久化：RDB+AOF
1、RDB相关参数：
dbfilename dump.rdb
dir /redis/data
dir /redis/data
2、AOF相关参数：
appendonly yes
appendfilename appendonly.aof
appendfsync everysec
auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
appendfilename appendonly.aof
appendfsync everysec
auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
3、生成测试数据
127.0.0.1:6379> set name cjc
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> set xxx 123
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> set ccc www
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "name"
2) "ccc"
3) "xxx"
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> set xxx 123
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> set ccc www
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "name"
2) "ccc"
3) "xxx"
4、备份数据库
[redis@cjcos02 data]$ ls
appendonly.aof dump.rdb
[redis@cjcos02 data]$ cp * ../bak/
[redis@cjcos02 data]$ ls -lrth ../bak/
total 8.0K
-rw-rw-r-- 1 redis redis 130 Dec 5 09:52 dump.rdb
-rw-r--r-- 1 redis redis 259 Dec 5 09:52 appendonly.aof
appendonly.aof dump.rdb
[redis@cjcos02 data]$ cp * ../bak/
[redis@cjcos02 data]$ ls -lrth ../bak/
total 8.0K
-rw-rw-r-- 1 redis redis 130 Dec 5 09:52 dump.rdb
-rw-r--r-- 1 redis redis 259 Dec 5 09:52 appendonly.aof
5、模拟误删除键
127.0.0.1:6379> del key xxx
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "name"
2) "ccc"
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "name"
2) "ccc"
通过rdb备份进行恢复
127.0.0.1:6379> shutdown
将dump.rdb备份还原
[redis@cjcos02 data]$ cp ../bak/dump.rdb .
[redis@cjcos02 conf]$ redis-server redis.conf
数据没有恢复，因为aof优先级高于rdb，启动数据库时优先加载aof文件
[redis@cjcos02 conf]$ redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "ccc"
2) "name"
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "ccc"
2) "name"
通过aof进行恢复
127.0.0.1:6379> shutdown
将aof备份还原
[redis@cjcos02 data]$ cp ../bak/appendonly.aof .
[redis@cjcos02 conf]$ redis-server redis.conf
数据恢复成功
[redis@cjcos02 conf]$ redis-server redis.conf
[redis@cjcos02 conf]$ redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "name"
2) "ccc"
3) "xxx"
[redis@cjcos02 conf]$ redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "name"
2) "ccc"
3) "xxx"
6、如何强制优先以rdb文件加载？
1.破坏当前aof文件
127.0.0.1:6379> shutdown
[redis@cjcos02 data]$ mv appendonly.aof appendonly.aof_bak
启库，生成了一个空的aof文件
[redis@cjcos02 conf]$ redis-server redis.conf
[redis@cjcos02 data]$ ls -lrth
total 8.0K
-rw-r--r-- 1 redis redis 259 Dec 5 09:57 appendonly.aof_bak
-rw-rw-r-- 1 redis redis 124 Dec 5 10:00 dump.rdb
-rw-r--r-- 1 redis redis 0 Dec 5 10:01 appendonly.aof
[redis@cjcos02 data]$ ls -lrth
total 8.0K
-rw-r--r-- 1 redis redis 259 Dec 5 09:57 appendonly.aof_bak
-rw-rw-r-- 1 redis redis 124 Dec 5 10:00 dump.rdb
-rw-r--r-- 1 redis redis 0 Dec 5 10:01 appendonly.aof
数据全部丢失，原因是数据库加载了新生成的aof空文件
[redis@cjcos02 conf]$ redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
(empty list or set)
并且当前的dump.rdb数据也会根据空的aof文件进行更新，导致数据全部丢失
2.关闭aof
先恢复刚才丢失的数据
[redis@cjcos02 data]$ cp ../bak/dump.rdb .
127.0.0.1:6379> shutdown
关闭aof
[redis@cjcos02 data]$ vi ../conf/redis.conf
appendonly no
appendonly no
[redis@cjcos02 conf]$ redis-server redis.conf
[redis@cjcos02 conf]$ redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "fsd"
2) "age"
3) "name"
4) "xx"
[redis@cjcos02 conf]$ redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "fsd"
2) "age"
3) "name"
4) "xx"
1.redis数据持久化有rdb和aof，因为aof数据更新一些，所以如果rdb和aof都开启了，启动redis优先加载aof文件。
2.备份时可以将rdb和aof都备份走。
3.如果rdb和aof都开启了，启动时想以rdb加载redis，千万不能采用删除或重命名aof的方式，熟悉oracle的都知道，参数文件优先加载spfile，如果希望优先加载pfile，可以重命名spfile，但是在redis里千万不能这么搞，如果这么操作，redis启动后会生成一个空的新aof文件，并加载到redis里，并以新的aof文件更新rdb文件，最终导致数据丢失。
正确的方式是通过参数关闭aof。
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