Harbor 安装条件

官网给出了安装需要的最低硬件和软件的条件：https://goharbor.io/docs/2.0.0/install-config/installation-prereqs/

最低硬件要求：

最低软件要求：

Harbor 要求在目标主机上打开以下端口：

在线安装和离线安装

可以从 官方发布页面下载 Harbor 安装程序。下载在线安装程序或离线安装程序。

• 在线安装程序：在线安装程序从 Docker 中心下载 Harbor 镜像。因此，安装程序的尺寸非常小。
• 离线安装程序：如果要部署 Harbor 的主机没有连接到 Internet，请使用离线安装程序。离线安装程序包含预先构建的映像，因此它比在线安装程序大

在线和离线安装程序的安装过程几乎相同。

这里我主要使用离线安装，因为在线安装因为墙、内部网络等原因，有的同学会下载很慢，而离线安装包都包含了预先构建的镜像，所以直接现在离线安装包最好！

到 官方发布 页面下载离线安装包：

下载后将压缩包上传到服务器使用命令tar -zxf harbor-offline-installer-v2.4.2.tgz解压，解压后如下图：

解压后在当前的解压路径可以得到文件夹harbor，cd harbor 进文件夹：

可以看到文件夹有一堆文件，其中最主要的是 harbor.yml.tmpl和 install.sh ，他们分别是配置文件和安装执行文件。

# 复制并重命名一份新的配置文件
cp harbor.yml.tmpl harbor.yml
# 使用 vim 编辑配置文件，如果提示找不到vim ，使用以下命令安装 vim
# ubuntu 使用 sudo apt-get install vim 
# redHat/Fedora/CentOS 使用 yum install vim 
vim harbor.yml  # 或者使用 vi harbor.yml 编辑

打开harbor.yml，最主要是更改一下几点，其他的保持默认即可：

harbor.yml示例模板：

# Configuration file of Harbor

# The IP address or hostname to access admin UI and registry service.
# DO NOT use localhost or 127.0.0.1, because Harbor needs to be accessed by external clients.
hostname: 192.168.0.2

# http related config
http:
  # port for http, default is 80. If https enabled, this port will redirect to https port
  port: 8088

# 不使用HTTPS 
# https related config
# https:
  # https port for harbor, default is 443
  # port: 443
  # The path of cert and key files for nginx
  # certificate: /your/certificate/path
  # private_key: /your/private/key/path

# # Uncomment following will enable tls communication between all harbor components
# internal_tls:
#   # set enabled to true means internal tls is enabled
#   enabled: true
#   # put your cert and key files on dir
#   dir: /etc/harbor/tls/internal

# Uncomment external_url if you want to enable external proxy
# And when it enabled the hostname will no longer used
# external_url: https://reg.mydomain.com:8433

# The initial password of Harbor admin
# It only works in first time to install harbor
# Remember Change the admin password from UI after launching Harbor.
harbor_admin_password: Harbor12345

# Harbor DB configuration
database:
  # The password for the root user of Harbor DB. Change this before any production use.
  password: root123
  # The maximum number of connections in the idle connection pool. If it <=0, no idle connections are retained.
  max_idle_conns: 100
  # The maximum number of open connections to the database. If it <= 0, then there is no limit on the number of open connections.
  # Note: the default number of connections is 1024 for postgres of harbor.
  max_open_conns: 900

# The default data volume
data_volume: /mnt/harbor/data

# Harbor Storage settings by default is using /data dir on local filesystem
# Uncomment storage_service setting If you want to using external storage
# storage_service:
#   # ca_bundle is the path to the custom root ca certificate, which will be injected into the truststore
#   # of registry's and chart repository's containers.  This is usually needed when the user hosts a internal storage with self signed certificate.
#   ca_bundle:

#   # storage backend, default is filesystem, options include filesystem, azure, gcs, s3, swift and oss
#   # for more info about this configuration please refer https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/
#   filesystem:
#     maxthreads: 100
#   # set disable to true when you want to disable registry redirect
#   redirect:
#     disabled: false

# Trivy configuration
#
# Trivy DB contains vulnerability information from NVD, Red Hat, and many other upstream vulnerability databases.
# It is downloaded by Trivy from the GitHub release page https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-db/releases and cached
# in the local file system. In addition, the database contains the update timestamp so Trivy can detect whether it
# should download a newer version from the Internet or use the cached one. Currently, the database is updated every
# 12 hours and published as a new release to GitHub.
trivy:
  # ignoreUnfixed The flag to display only fixed vulnerabilities
  ignore_unfixed: false
  # skipUpdate The flag to enable or disable Trivy DB downloads from GitHub
  #
  # You might want to enable this flag in test or CI/CD environments to avoid GitHub rate limiting issues.
  # If the flag is enabled you have to download the `trivy-offline.tar.gz` archive manually, extract `trivy.db` and
  # `metadata.json` files and mount them in the `/home/scanner/.cache/trivy/db` path.
  skip_update: false
  #
  # The offline_scan option prevents Trivy from sending API requests to identify dependencies.
  # Scanning JAR files and pom.xml may require Internet access for better detection, but this option tries to avoid it.
  # For example, the offline mode will not try to resolve transitive dependencies in pom.xml when the dependency doesn't
  # exist in the local repositories. It means a number of detected vulnerabilities might be fewer in offline mode.
  # It would work if all the dependencies are in local.
  # This option doesn’t affect DB download. You need to specify "skip-update" as well as "offline-scan" in an air-gapped environment.
  offline_scan: false
  #
  # insecure The flag to skip verifying registry certificate
  insecure: false
  # github_token The GitHub access token to download Trivy DB
  #
  # Anonymous downloads from GitHub are subject to the limit of 60 requests per hour. Normally such rate limit is enough
  # for production operations. If, for any reason, it's not enough, you could increase the rate limit to 5000
  # requests per hour by specifying the GitHub access token. For more details on GitHub rate limiting please consult
  # https://developer.github.com/v3/#rate-limiting
  #
  # You can create a GitHub token by following the instructions in
  # https://help.github.com/en/github/authenticating-to-github/creating-a-personal-access-token-for-the-command-line
  #
  # github_token: xxx

jobservice:
  # Maximum number of job workers in job service
  max_job_workers: 10

notification:
  # Maximum retry count for webhook job
  webhook_job_max_retry: 10

chart:
  # Change the value of absolute_url to enabled can enable absolute url in chart
  absolute_url: disabled

# Log configurations
log:
  # options are debug, info, warning, error, fatal
  level: info
  # configs for logs in local storage
  local:
    # Log files are rotated log_rotate_count times before being removed. If count is 0, old versions are removed rather than rotated.
    rotate_count: 50
    # Log files are rotated only if they grow bigger than log_rotate_size bytes. If size is followed by k, the size is assumed to be in kilobytes.
    # If the M is used, the size is in megabytes, and if G is used, the size is in gigabytes. So size 100, size 100k, size 100M and size 100G
    # are all valid.
    rotate_size: 200M
    # The directory on your host that store log
    location: /var/log/harbor

  # Uncomment following lines to enable external syslog endpoint.
  # external_endpoint:
  #   # protocol used to transmit log to external endpoint, options is tcp or udp
  #   protocol: tcp
  #   # The host of external endpoint
  #   host: localhost
  #   # Port of external endpoint
  #   port: 5140

#This attribute is for migrator to detect the version of the .cfg file, DO NOT MODIFY!
_version: 2.5.0

# Uncomment external_database if using external database.
# external_database:
#   harbor:
#     host: harbor_db_host
#     port: harbor_db_port
#     db_name: harbor_db_name
#     username: harbor_db_username
#     password: harbor_db_password
#     ssl_mode: disable
#     max_idle_conns: 2
#     max_open_conns: 0
#   notary_signer:
#     host: notary_signer_db_host
#     port: notary_signer_db_port
#     db_name: notary_signer_db_name
#     username: notary_signer_db_username
#     password: notary_signer_db_password
#     ssl_mode: disable
#   notary_server:
#     host: notary_server_db_host
#     port: notary_server_db_port
#     db_name: notary_server_db_name
#     username: notary_server_db_username
#     password: notary_server_db_password
#     ssl_mode: disable

# Uncomment external_redis if using external Redis server
# external_redis:
#   # support redis, redis+sentinel
#   # host for redis: <host_redis>:<port_redis>
#   # host for redis+sentinel:
#   #  <host_sentinel1>:<port_sentinel1>,<host_sentinel2>:<port_sentinel2>,<host_sentinel3>:<port_sentinel3>
#   host: redis:6379
#   password: 
#   # sentinel_master_set must be set to support redis+sentinel
#   #sentinel_master_set:
#   # db_index 0 is for core, it's unchangeable
#   registry_db_index: 1
#   jobservice_db_index: 2
#   chartmuseum_db_index: 3
#   trivy_db_index: 5
#   idle_timeout_seconds: 30

# Uncomment uaa for trusting the certificate of uaa instance that is hosted via self-signed cert.
# uaa:
#   ca_file: /path/to/ca

# Global proxy
# Config http proxy for components, e.g. http://my.proxy.com:3128
# Components doesn't need to connect to each others via http proxy.
# Remove component from `components` array if want disable proxy
# for it. If you want use proxy for replication, MUST enable proxy
# for core and jobservice, and set `http_proxy` and `https_proxy`.
# Add domain to the `no_proxy` field, when you want disable proxy
# for some special registry.
proxy:
  http_proxy:
  https_proxy:
  no_proxy:
  components:
    - core
    - jobservice
    - trivy

# metric:
#   enabled: false
#   port: 9090
#   path: /metrics

# Trace related config
# only can enable one trace provider(jaeger or otel) at the same time,
# and when using jaeger as provider, can only enable it with agent mode or collector mode.
# if using jaeger collector mode, uncomment endpoint and uncomment username, password if needed
# if using jaeger agetn mode uncomment agent_host and agent_port
# trace:
#   enabled: true
#   # set sample_rate to 1 if you wanna sampling 100% of trace data; set 0.5 if you wanna sampling 50% of trace data, and so forth
#   sample_rate: 1
#   # # namespace used to differenciate different harbor services
#   # namespace:
#   # # attributes is a key value dict contains user defined attributes used to initialize trace provider
#   # attributes:
#   #   application: harbor
#   # # jaeger should be 1.26 or newer.
#   # jaeger:
#   #   endpoint: http://hostname:14268/api/traces
#   #   username:
#   #   password:
#   #   agent_host: hostname
#   #   # export trace data by jaeger.thrift in compact mode
#   #   agent_port: 6831
#   # otel:
#   #   endpoint: hostname:4318
#   #   url_path: /v1/traces
#   #   compression: false
#   #   insecure: true
#   #   timeout: 10s

# enable purge _upload directories
upload_purging:
  enabled: true
  # remove files in _upload directories which exist for a period of time, default is one week.
  age: 168h
  # the interval of the purge operations
  interval: 24h
  dryrun: false

编辑完成后按ESC，然后使用命令:wq保存并推出。

然后继续用命令执行安装./install.sh。

安装过程（从别人博客上扒下来的图）：

当出现红箭头指向的提示的时候，就表示安装成功了！

然后根据在harbor.yml文件中配置的端口与IP地址(或域名)进行访问

现在Harbor已经可以使用了！

由于我部署的时候没有使用HTTPS，所以使用docker登录的时候会出现一下异常信息（还是借的别人的图）：

原因：Docker自从1.3.X之后docker registry交互默认使用的是HTTPS，但是搭建私有镜像默认使用的是HTTP服务，所以与私有镜像交时出现以上错误。

解决办法：

找到docker 的 daemon.json 配置文件，CentOS 7 的路径：/etc/docker/daemon.json（系统版本不同所处位置不同，其他版本的请自行百度），如果路径下没有这个文件自己创建即可。然后再配置文件里加上：

{
  // docker 镜像下载地址
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com"],
   // 不安全的镜像仓库（此处配置Harbor 的地址+端口号）
   "insecure-registries": ["192.168.0.2:8088"],
}

操作完后让这个文件生效：

a.修改完成后reload配置文件
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
 
b.重启docker服务
sudo systemctl restart docker.service

本次的Harbor安装教程就到此为止了，如需了解Harbor的更多详情信息请移步其他博客！