WebP 图片转换
source link: https://shadowdragons.github.io/2019/05/21/webp/
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WebP
是Google推出的一种同时提供了有损压缩与无损压缩(可逆压缩)的图片文件格式。
根据Google的测试,无损压缩后的WebP比PNG文件少了26%的体积,有损压缩后的WebP
图片相比于等效质量指标的JPEG图片减少了25%~34%的体积。
以Ubuntu16.04
为例:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install webp
其他Linux版本或操作系统,查看官方文档,或者Github文档
cwebp 编码
将其他格式的图片转换为WebP
我们实际场景来说明,这里将一张aa.jpg
图片转换为质量85、宽高为300乘200的WebP
格式,并起名为bb
:
执行命令:
cwebp -q 85 -resize 300 200 aa.jpg -o bb.webp
参数说明:
cwebp -q [质量] -resize [宽] [高] [原图片] -o [输出文件]
输出结果:
bb.webp
参看所有可选项及说明:
> cwebp -longhelp
Usage:
cwebp [-preset <...>] [options] in_file [-o out_file]
If input size (-s) for an image is not specified, it is
assumed to be a PNG, JPEG, TIFF or WebP file.
Options:
-h / -help ............. short help
-H / -longhelp ......... long help
-q <float> ............. quality factor (0:small..100:big), default=75
-alpha_q <int> ......... transparency-compression quality (0..100),
default=100
-preset <string> ....... preset setting, one of:
default, photo, picture,
drawing, icon, text
-preset must come first, as it overwrites other parameters
-z <int> ............... activates lossless preset with given
level in [0:fast, ..., 9:slowest]
-m <int> ............... compression method (0=fast, 6=slowest), default=4
-segments <int> ........ number of segments to use (1..4), default=4
-size <int> ............ target size (in bytes)
-psnr <float> .......... target PSNR (in dB. typically: 42)
-s <int> <int> ......... input size (width x height) for YUV
-sns <int> ............. spatial noise shaping (0:off, 100:max), default=50
-f <int> ............... filter strength (0=off..100), default=60
-sharpness <int> ....... filter sharpness (0:most .. 7:least sharp), default=0
-strong ................ use strong filter instead of simple (default)
-nostrong .............. use simple filter instead of strong
-sharp_yuv ............. use sharper (and slower) RGB->YUV conversion
-partition_limit <int> . limit quality to fit the 512k limit on
the first partition (0=no degradation ... 100=full)
-pass <int> ............ analysis pass number (1..10)
-crop <x> <y> <w> <h> .. crop picture with the given rectangle
-resize <w> <h> ........ resize picture (after any cropping)
-mt .................... use multi-threading if available
-low_memory ............ reduce memory usage (slower encoding)
-map <int> ............. print map of extra info
-print_psnr ............ prints averaged PSNR distortion
-print_ssim ............ prints averaged SSIM distortion
-print_lsim ............ prints local-similarity distortion
-d <file.pgm> .......... dump the compressed output (PGM file)
-alpha_method <int> .... transparency-compression method (0..1), default=1
-alpha_filter <string> . predictive filtering for alpha plane,
one of: none, fast (default) or best
-exact ................. preserve RGB values in transparent area, default=off
-blend_alpha <hex> ..... blend colors against background color
expressed as RGB values written in
hexadecimal, e.g. 0xc0e0d0 for red=0xc0
green=0xe0 and blue=0xd0
-noalpha ............... discard any transparency information
-lossless .............. encode image losslessly, default=off
-near_lossless <int> ... use near-lossless image
preprocessing (0..100=off), default=100
-hint <string> ......... specify image characteristics hint,
one of: photo, picture or graph
-metadata <string> ..... comma separated list of metadata to
copy from the input to the output if present.
Valid values: all, none (default), exif, icc, xmp
-short ................. condense printed message
-quiet ................. don't print anything
-version ............... print version number and exit
-noasm ................. disable all assembly optimizations
-v ..................... verbose, e.g. print encoding/decoding times
-progress .............. report encoding progress
Experimental Options:
-jpeg_like ............. roughly match expected JPEG size
-af .................... auto-adjust filter strength
-pre <int> ............. pre-processing filter
dwebp 解码
将WebP
格式的图片转换为其他格式
我们还是以上一步生成的bb.webp
来演示,这次将它转换为PNG
格式,并起名cc
:
dwebp bb.webp -o cc.png
参数说明:
dwebp [原图片] -o [输出文件]
输出结果:
cc.png
参看所有可选项及说明:
> dwebp -h
Usage: dwebp in_file [options] [-o out_file]
Decodes the WebP image file to PNG format [Default]
Use following options to convert into alternate image formats:
-pam ......... save the raw RGBA samples as a color PAM
-ppm ......... save the raw RGB samples as a color PPM
-bmp ......... save as uncompressed BMP format
-tiff ........ save as uncompressed TIFF format
-pgm ......... save the raw YUV samples as a grayscale PGM
file with IMC4 layout
-yuv ......... save the raw YUV samples in flat layout
Other options are:
-version ..... print version number and exit
-nofancy ..... don't use the fancy YUV420 upscaler
-nofilter .... disable in-loop filtering
-nodither .... disable dithering
-dither <d> .. dithering strength (in 0..100)
-alpha_dither use alpha-plane dithering if needed
-mt .......... use multi-threading
-crop <x> <y> <w> <h> ... crop output with the given rectangle
-resize <w> <h> ......... scale the output (*after* any cropping)
-flip ........ flip the output vertically
-alpha ....... only save the alpha plane
-incremental . use incremental decoding (useful for tests)
-h ........... this help message
-v ........... verbose (e.g. print encoding/decoding times)
-quiet ....... quiet mode, don't print anything
vwebp 浏览
弹出一个GUI
窗口显示WebP
图片
我们来浏览下bb.webp
图片
vwebp bb.webp
参看所有可选项及说明:
> vwebp -h
Usage: vwebp in_file [options]
Decodes the WebP image file and visualize it using OpenGL
Options are:
-version ..... print version number and exit
-noicc ....... don't use the icc profile if present
-nofancy ..... don't use the fancy YUV420 upscaler
-nofilter .... disable in-loop filtering
-dither <int> dithering strength (0..100), default=50
-noalphadither disable alpha plane dithering
-usebgcolor .. display background color
-mt .......... use multi-threading
-info ........ print info
-h ........... this help message
Keyboard shortcuts:
'c' ................ toggle use of color profile
'b' ................ toggle background color display
'i' ................ overlay file information
'd' ................ disable blending & disposal (debug)
'q' / 'Q' / ESC .... quit
img2webp 动画
将一组图片(JPG
、PNG
…)转为WebP
动画
这里准备了3张同样规格的图片(a.jpg
、b.png
、c.jpg
)。
a.jpg
b.png
c.jpg
执行命令:
img2webp -loop 0 -lossy -d 1000 a.jpg -d 1500 b.png -d 2000 c.jpg -o out.webp
参数说明:
img2webp -loop [循环次数] -d [间隔时间] [原文件1] -d [间隔时间] [原文件2] -d [间隔时间] [原文件3] -o [目标文件]
输出结果:
out.webp
参看所有可选项及说明:
> img2webp -h
Usage:
img2webp [file-level options] [image files...] [per-frame options...]
File-level options (only used at the start of compression):
-min_size ............ minimize size
-loop <int> .......... loop count (default: 0, = infinite loop)
-kmax <int> .......... maximum number of frame between key-frames
(0=only keyframes)
-kmin <int> .......... minimum number of frame between key-frames
(0=disable key-frames altogether)
-mixed ............... use mixed lossy/lossless automatic mode
-v ................... verbose mode
-h ................... this help
-version ............. print version number and exit
Per-frame options (only used for subsequent images input):
-d <int> ............. frame duration in ms (default: 100)
-lossless ........... use lossless mode (default)
-lossy ... ........... use lossy mode
-q <float> ........... quality
-m <int> ............. method to use
gif2webp GIF转换
将GIF
格式图片转换为WebP
格式
这里准备了一张giphy.gif
,我们来将它转换为WebP
看看效果
执行命令:
gif2webp giphy.gif -o giphy.webp
输出结果:
giphy.webp
参看所有可选项及说明:
> gif2webp -h
Usage:
gif2webp [options] gif_file -o webp_file
Options:
-h / -help ............. this help
-lossy ................. encode image using lossy compression
-mixed ................. for each frame in the image, pick lossy
or lossless compression heuristically
-q <float> ............. quality factor (0:small..100:big)
-m <int> ............... compression method (0=fast, 6=slowest)
-min_size .............. minimize output size (default:off)
lossless compression by default; can be
combined with -q, -m, -lossy or -mixed
options
-kmin <int> ............ min distance between key frames
-kmax <int> ............ max distance between key frames
-f <int> ............... filter strength (0=off..100)
-metadata <string> ..... comma separated list of metadata to
copy from the input to the output if present
Valid values: all, none, icc, xmp (default)
-loop_compatibility .... use compatibility mode for Chrome
version prior to M62 (inclusive)
-mt .................... use multi-threading if available
-version ............... print version number and exit
-v ..................... verbose
-quiet ................. don't print anything
v1.4.18
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