4

如何使用 Rancher Desktop 访问 Traefik Proxy 仪表板

 2 years ago
source link: https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000041477189
Go to the source link to view the article. You can view the picture content, updated content and better typesetting reading experience. If the link is broken, please click the button below to view the snapshot at that time.
neoserver,ios ssh client

如何使用 Rancher Desktop 访问 Traefik Proxy 仪表板

图片

Adrian Goins 最近举办了关于如何使用 K3s 和 Traefik 保护和控制边缘的 Kubernetes 大师班，演示了如何访问 K3s 的 Traefik Proxy 仪表板，可以通过以下途径注册观看回放：https://more.suse.com/MC_Secu...

Rancher Desktop 创建了一个单节点 K3s 集群，我非常好奇在使用 Rancher Desktop 时，是否可以访问 Traefik Proxy 仪表板。我在 Adrian 的课程上提出了这个问题，他说应该可以，于是我便开始着手操作。

注意：本文使用的环境为 Linux 操作系统，如 Mac 或 Windows 需视情况调整参数。

图片

本文参考了 Adrian 在 GitHub 上发布的一些课程: https://github.com/traefik-wo...

图片

首先，克隆 Adrian 的 repo：

> git clone https://github.com/traefik-workshops/k3s-and-traefik-proxy.git
> cd k3s-and-traefik-proxy/

第一课: 暴露 Traefik 仪表盘

注意：01-Expose-the-Dashboard 中的所有文件目前都没有在 Adrian 的课程中使用。

将集群 IP 设置为变量

Adrian 建议检查 kubeconfig 文件中的集群 IP 地址，Rancher Desktop 会在主机上创建一个 ~/.kube/config 文件：

> grep server ~/.kube/config
server: https://127.0.0.1:6443

> export CLUSTERIP=127.0.0.1

此时，Adrian 继续他的课程，但目前 Linux 上的 Rancher Desktop 存在一个问题：特权端口（低于 1024 的端口）无法访问。请参考 https://github.com/rancher-sa...

相反，Linux 上的 Rancher Desktop 用户必须了解 HTTP (80) 和 HTTPS (443) 端口已转发到哪些 Ingress 端口：

> kubectl get service -n kube-system traefik
NAME      TYPE           CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP    PORT(S)                      AGE
traefik   LoadBalancer   10.43.146.37   192.168.5.15   80:30876/TCP,443:30614/TCP   26

我们将 Ingress 端口保存到变量中，以便可以在整个课程中使用：

> export CLUSTERHTTP=`kubectl get service -n kube-system traefik -o json | jq '.spec.ports[0].nodePort'`
> export CLUSTERHTTPS=`kubectl get service -n kube-system traefik -o json | jq '.spec.ports[1].nodePort'`

切换当前 Namespace 为 kube-system

> kubectl config set-context --current --namespace kube-system
Context "rancher-desktop" modified.

创建 Service

> kubectl expose deploy/traefik -n kube-system --port=9000 --target-port=9000 --name=traefik-dashboard
service/traefik-dashboard exposed

创建 Ingress

> kubectl create ingress traefik-dashboard --rule="dashboard.traefik.$CLUSTERIP.sslip.io/*=traefik-dashboard:9000"
ingress.networking.k8s.io/traefik-dashboard created

访问仪表板

与 Adrian 步骤不同的是，我们需要在 URL 中包含 HTTP 的 Ingress 端口：

> curl -si http://dashboard.traefik.$CLUSTERIP.sslip.io:$CLUSTERHTTP/dashboard/ | head -n 1
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
> echo http://dashboard.traefik.$CLUSTERIP.sslip.io:$CLUSTERHTTP/dashboard/
http://dashboard.traefik.127.0.0.1.sslip.io:30876/dashboard/

图片

图片

添加 Annotations

> kubectl annotate ingress traefik-dashboard traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.entrypoints=web
ingress.networking.k8s.io/traefik-dashboard annotated

图片

第 2 课：使用 Middleware 保护仪表板

> cd 02-Secure-the-Dashboard-With-Middleware

创建用户文件

注意 Adrian 已根据研讨会提供了用户文件设置：

> cat users
[email protected]:$apr1$nWlieTS.$pbESld2QB5uYuUTAfFICr.
[email protected]:$apr1$XMtXkoUy$IwIKiM./ujfaYf6/MsCaf1

从用户文件中创建仪表板 dashboard-users Secret

> kubectl create secret generic dashboard-users --from-file=users
secret/dashboard-users created

从 middleware-auth.yaml 创建 Middleware

> cat middleware-auth.yaml
apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: Middleware
metadata:
  name: dashboard-auth
spec:
  basicAuth:
      secret: dashboard-users

> kubectl apply -f middleware-auth.yaml
middleware.traefik.containo.us/dashboard-auth created

将 Middleware 应用到 Ingress

> kubectl annotate ingress traefik-dashboard \
traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.middlewares=kube-system-dashboard-auth@kubernetescrd
ingress.networking.k8s.io/traefik-dashboard annotated

请注意，如果你在浏览器中一直访问仪表板，那么现在应该提示你输入用户名和密码：

图片

测试 Middleware

> curl -si http://dashboard.traefik.$CLUSTERIP.sslip.io:$CLUSTERHTTP/dashboard/ | head -n 1
HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
> curl -si -u '[email protected]:admin1234' http://dashboard.traefik.$CLUSTERIP.sslip.io:$CLUSTERHTTP/dashboard/ | head -n 1
HTTP/1.1 200 OK

创建 Middleware 以添加 /dashboard 前缀

> cat middleware-rewrite.yaml
apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: Middleware
metadata:
  name: dashboard-rewrite
spec:
  addPrefix:
    prefix: /dashboard

> kubectl apply -f middleware-rewrite.yaml
middleware.traefik.containo.us/dashboard-rewrite created

将第二个 Middleware 应用到 Ingress

> kubectl annotate ingress traefik-dashboard \
  traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.middlewares=kube-system-dashboard-rewrite@kubernetescrd,kube-system-dashboard-auth@kubernetescrd \
  --overwrite=true
ingress.networking.k8s.io/traefik-dashboard annotated

访问没有 /dashboard/ 的仪表板

> curl -si http://dashboard.traefik.$CLUSTERIP.sslip.io:$CLUSTERHTTP/ | head -n 1
HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized

图片

修复仪表板

> kubectl create ingress traefik-dashboard-api --rule="dashboard.traefik.$CLUSTERIP.sslip.io/api/*=traefik-dashboard:9000"
ingress.networking.k8s.io/traefik-dashboard-api created
> kubectl annotate ingress traefik-dashboard-api \
  traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/router.middlewares=kube-system-dashboard-auth@kubernetescrd
ingress.networking.k8s.io/traefik-dashboard-api annotated

图片

第 3 课：使用 IngressRoute 自定义资源

> cd ../03-Use-the-IngressRoute-Custom-Resource/

将 Ingress 更改为 IngressRoutes

移除之前创建的 Ingress：

> kubectl delete ingress/traefik-dashboard ingress/traefik-dashboard-api
ingress.networking.k8s.io "traefik-dashboard" deleted
ingress.networking.k8s.io "traefik-dashboard-api" deleted

创建新的 IngressRoute，我们需要更改 IP 地址：

> cat ingressroute.yaml
apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: IngressRoute
metadata:
  name: traefik-dashboard-secure
spec:
  entryPoints:
  - web
  routes:
  - kind: Rule
    match: Host("dashboard.traefik.10.68.0.70.sslip.io")
    services:
    - name: traefik-dashboard
      port: 9000
    middlewares:
    - name: dashboard-auth
    - name: dashboard-rewrite
  - kind: Rule
    match: Host("dashboard.traefik.10.68.0.70.sslip.io") && PathPrefix("/api")
    services:
    - name: traefik-dashboard
      port: 9000
    middlewares:
    - name: dashboard-auth

> sed -i "s/10\.68\.0\.70/${CLUSTERIP}/" ingressroute.yaml

> cat ingressroute.yaml
apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: IngressRoute
metadata:
  name: traefik-dashboard-secure
spec:
  entryPoints:
  - web
  routes:
  - kind: Rule
    match: Host("dashboard.traefik.127.0.0.1.sslip.io")
    services:
    - name: traefik-dashboard
      port: 9000
    middlewares:
    - name: dashboard-auth
    - name: dashboard-rewrite
  - kind: Rule
    match: Host("dashboard.traefik.127.0.0.1.sslip.io") && PathPrefix("/api")
    services:
    - name: traefik-dashboard
      port: 9000
    middlewares:
    - name: dashboard-auth

> kubectl apply -f ingressroute.yaml
ingressroute.traefik.containo.us/traefik-dashboard-secure created

查看 IngressRoute

> kubectl get ingressroute traefik-dashboard -o yaml
apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: IngressRoute
metadata:
  annotations:
    helm.sh/hook: post-install,post-upgrade
  creationTimestamp: "2022-02-11T16:01:09Z"
  generation: 1
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: traefik
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
    app.kubernetes.io/name: traefik
    helm.sh/chart: traefik-10.9.100
  name: traefik-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
  resourceVersion: "657"
  uid: 7993457e-7cde-478b-82c9-76acc5eebbd9
spec:
  entryPoints:
  - traefik
  routes:
  - kind: Rule
    match: PathPrefix(`/dashboard`) || PathPrefix(`/api`)
    services:
    - kind: TraefikService
      name: api@internal

什么是 TraefikService？

> kubectl patch ingressroute/traefik-dashboard-secure --type=json --patch-file patch-dashboard-service.yaml
ingressroute.traefik.containo.us/traefik-dashboard-secure patched
> kubectl delete service traefik-dashboard
service "traefik-dashboard" deleted
> curl -si -u '[email protected]:admin1234' http://dashboard.traefik.$CLUSTERIP.sslip.io:$CLUSTERHTTP/ | head -n 1
HTTP/1.1 200 OK

第 4 课：使用 TLS 保护仪表板

> cd ../04-Secure-the-Dashboard-With-TLS/

设置 cert-manager

我使用了最新版本的 cert-manager，目前是 1.7.1：

> kubectl apply -f https://github.com/jetstack/cert-manager/releases/download/v1.7.1/cert-manager.yaml
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/certificaterequests.cert-manager.io created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/certificates.cert-manager.io created
...
...
...
mutatingwebhookconfiguration.admissionregistration.k8s.io/cert-manager-webhook created
validatingwebhookconfiguration.admissionregistration.k8s.io/cert-manager-webhook created
> kubectl get pods -n cert-manager
NAME                                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
cert-manager-cainjector-d6cbc4d9-j8q8x   1/1     Running   0          70s
cert-manager-6d8d6b5dbb-ts2mq            1/1     Running   0          70s
cert-manager-webhook-85fb68c79b-ql658    1/1     Running   0          70s

创建 ClusterIssuer

> cat clusterissuer.yaml
apiVersion: cert-manager.io/v1
kind: ClusterIssuer
metadata:
  name: selfsigned
spec:
  selfSigned: {}

> kubectl apply -f clusterissuer.yaml
clusterissuer.cert-manager.io/selfsigned created

为仪表板生成证书

我们需要更改 IP 地址：

> cat certificate.yaml
apiVersion: cert-manager.io/v1
kind: Certificate
metadata:
  name: dashboard
spec:
  subject:
    organizations:
    - Traefik Academy
  commonName: dashboard.traefik.10.68.0.70.sslip.io
  issuerRef:
    kind: ClusterIssuer
    name: selfsigned
  secretName: dashboard-crt

> sed -i "s/10\.68\.0\.70/${CLUSTERIP}/" certificate.yaml

> cat certificate.yaml
apiVersion: cert-manager.io/v1
kind: Certificate
metadata:
  name: dashboard
spec:
  subject:
    organizations:
    - Traefik Academy
  commonName: dashboard.traefik.127.0.0.1.sslip.io
  issuerRef:
    kind: ClusterIssuer
    name: selfsigned
  secretName: dashboard-crt

> kubectl apply -f certificate.yaml
certificate.cert-manager.io/dashboard created
> kubectl get secret | grep tls
k3s-serving                                          kubernetes.io/tls                     2      87m
dashboard-crt

将证书添加到 IngressRoute

> cat patch-dashboard-tls.yaml
- op: replace
  path: /spec/entryPoints
  value:
    - websecure
- op: add
  path: /spec/tls
  value:
    secretName: dashboard-crt

> kubectl patch ingressroute/traefik-dashboard-secure \
  --type=json \
  --patch-file patch-dashboard-tls.yaml
ingressroute.traefik.containo.us/traefik-dashboard-secure patched
> echo https://dashboard.traefik.$CLUSTERIP.sslip.io:$CLUSTERHTTPS/
https://dashboard.traefik.127.0.0.1.sslip.io:30614/

图片

图片

添加 HTTP 重定向

> cat middleware-scheme.yaml
apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: Middleware
metadata:
  name: redirect-permanent
spec:
  redirectScheme:
    permanent: true
    scheme: https

需要在 middleware-scheme.yaml 添加 HTTPS 端口，并在 ingressroute.yaml 中更改 IP 地址：

> echo "    port: \"${CLUSTERHTTPS}\"" >> middleware-scheme.yaml

> cat middleware-scheme.yaml
apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: Middleware
metadata:
  name: redirect-permanent
spec:
  redirectScheme:
    permanent: true
    scheme: https
    port: "30614"

> kubectl apply -f middleware-scheme.yaml
middleware.traefik.containo.us/redirect-permanent created

> cat ingressroute.yaml
apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: IngressRoute
metadata:
  name: traefik-dashboard-http
spec:
  entryPoints:
  - web
  routes:
  - kind: Rule
    match: Host("dashboard.traefik.10.68.0.70.sslip.io")
    services:
    - name: api@internal
      kind: TraefikService
    middlewares:
    - name: redirect-permanent

> sed -i "s/10\.68\.0\.70/${CLUSTERIP}/" ingressroute.yaml

> cat ingressroute.yaml
apiVersion: traefik.containo.us/v1alpha1
kind: IngressRoute
metadata:
  name: traefik-dashboard-http
spec:
  entryPoints:
  - web
  routes:
  - kind: Rule
    match: Host("dashboard.traefik.127.0.0.1.sslip.io")
    services:
    - name: api@internal
      kind: TraefikService
    middlewares:
    - name: redirect-permanent

> kubectl apply -f ingressroute.yaml
ingressroute.traefik.containo.us/traefik-dashboard-http created
> curl -si http://dashboard.traefik.$CLUSTERIP.sslip.io:$CLUSTERHTTP/ | head -n 1
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently

如果我们删除 head 命令，我们可以看到它被移动到了哪里：

> curl -si http://dashboard.traefik.$CLUSTERIP.sslip.io:$CLUSTERHTTP/
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Location: https://dashboard.traefik.127.0.0.1.sslip.io:30614/
Date: Fri, 11 Feb 2022 17:40:15 GMT
Content-Length: 17
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8

该位置应包括 HTTPS 的 Ingress 端口：

> echo http://dashboard.traefik.$CLUSTERIP.sslip.io:$CLUSTERHTTP/
http://dashboard.traefik.127.0.0.1.sslip.io:30876/

如果我们在 Web 浏览器中打开 URL，它应该重定向到 HTTPS 站点。如果没有，你可能需要清除 Web 浏览器的缓存。


report

Recommend

About Joyk


Aggregate valuable and interesting links.
Joyk means Joy of geeK