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How to convert an array of bytes to a String in Java
source link: https://marco.dev/java-convert-byte-to-string
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Pretty funny to convert an array of bytes to a String or vice versa. String stores his value in a byte[], so the conversion should be straightforward.
Convert byte[] to String
In String.java we have a lot of constructors that accept a byte array:
String(byte[] bytes, int offset, int length, String charsetName) throws UnsupportedEncodingException
String(byte[] bytes, String charsetName) throws UnsupportedEncodingException
String(byte[] bytes, java.nio.charset.Charset charset)
String(byte[] bytes, int offset, int length)
String(byte[] bytes)
If the Charsetis not specified Charset.defaultCharset() is used by the constructor.
An example of a simple implementation:
// we build an array of bytes from a String
byte[] myByteArray = "marco.dev blog".getBytes();
// now we build a String using the array
String myNewString = new String(myByteArray);
System.out.println(myNewString) // -> marco.dev blog
You can specify a Charset:
// Charsets are defined in java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets
String myNewString = new String(myByteArray, StandardCharsets.UTF_16)
Convert String to byte[]
In the previous example we used public byte[] getBytes() present in String.java.
This is the recommended method, you can pass a charsetName to encode correctly the array.
String myString = "marco.dev blog en français";
byte[] myDefaultArrayOfBytes = myString.getBytes(); // byte[27] { 109, 97, 114, 99, 111, 46, 100, 101, 118, 32, 98, 108, 111, 103, 32, 101, 110, 32, 102, 114, 97, 110, -61, -89, 97, 105, 115 }
byte[] myUTF8ArrayOfBytes = myString.getBytes("ISO-8859-1") // byte[26] { 109, 97, 114, 99, 111, 46, 100, 101, 118, 32, 98, 108, 111, 103, 32, 101, 110, 32, 102, 114, 97, 110, -25, 97, 105, 115 }
In our example you can see how the result differs if I use the default Charset (UTF-8) and the ISO-8859-1.
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