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The State of Developer Ecosystem in 2021 Infographic | JetBrains: Developer Tool...

 3 years ago
source link: https://www.jetbrains.com/lp/devecosystem-2021/
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Key Takeaways

JavaScript is the most popular language.

Python is more popular than Java in terms of overall usage, while Java is more popular than Python as a main language.

The top-5 languages developers are planning to adopt or migrate to are Go, Kotlin, TypeScript, Python, and Rust.

The top-5 languages developers were learning in 2021 were JavaScript, Python, TypeScript, Java, and Go.

Ruby, Objective-C, and Scala have all decreased in popularity over the last 5 years.

The 5 fastest growing languages are Python, TypeScript, Kotlin, SQL, and Go.

A majority of the respondents (71%) develop for web backend.

Programming languages

Note: HTML/CSS is not a programming language, but it makes sense to present its
popularity alongside that of programming languages.

Used in the last 12 months
Planning to adopt or migrate
JavaScript
69% / 4%
HTML / CSS
60% / 2%
54% / 3%
Python
52% / 8%
49% / 4%
Shell scripting languages
37% / 2%
32% / 2%
TypeScript
29% / 9%
23% / 4%
21% / 4%
19% / 1%
17% / 11%
Kotlin
14% / 9%
8% / 4%
GraphQL
8% / 4%
Swift
7% / 5%
6% / 3%
6% / 7%
Groovy
4% / 0%
MATLAB
4% / 1%
4% / 2%
Visual Basic
4% / 0%
Assembly
3% / 1%
3% / 0%
Objective-C
3% / 1%
Scala
3% / 2%
Haskell
2% / 1%
2% / 0%
Clojure / ClojureScript
1% / 0%
Delphi
1% / 0%
1% / 1%
Julia
1% / 1%
Other
4% / 3%

What programming languages have you used in the last 12 months?

Popularity of programming languages over the last 5 years.

Line chart
Heatmap
Line chart: Popularity of programming languages over the last 5 years

Please note that some aspects of the survey methodology changed between editions. In 2021 we extended geographical coverage, which resulted in differences in the shares of some languages. For example the share of PHP is 3 percentage points higher, and Python and Java are a bit lower in new regions than in the initial countries.

What are your primary programming languages?

Choose no more than 3 languages

39%32%29%24%22%18%13%12%11% 8% 7%JavaScriptJavaPythonHTML / CSSPHPSQLTypeScriptC#C++GoKotlin
All results ▼

Do you plan to adopt / migrate to other languages in the next 12 months? If so, to which ones?

By primary languages

Value
JavaScriptJavaPythonPHPSQLTypeScriptC#C++GoKotlin46%50%45%49%49%53%52%46%61%59%No, I'm not planning to adopt / migrate13%11%14%13%12%13%11%10%0%11%Go9%13%10%8%11%8%9%11%7%-Kotlin14%8%9%12%9%-8%7%5%6%TypeScript10%8%0%11%11%8%9%6%2%6%Python7%6%9%6%7%12%7%10%17%8%Rust6%6%6%6%6%6%6%6%4%8%Swift7%4%5%5%5%7%4%3%4%3%GraphQL5%4%4%5%4%6%4%3%4%7%Dart-5%7%2%4%0%4%8%2%3%JavaScript4%-5%4%4%3%4%6%2%1%Java4%4%5%3%3%3%-7%1%2%C#3%4%6%3%3%3%4%0%3%2%C++3%3%5%1%-2%2%5%1%1%SQL3%2%3%4%2%2%2%3%1%2%Ruby14%17%22%11%17%13%16%25%12%12%Other
00.61

On which operating systems are your development environments?

61%Windows
47%Linux
44%macOS
1%Other

Over the last 5 years, developers’ preferences with respect to operating systems have remained constant.

Do you use Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) for local development?

65%21%17%14% 2%No, I don’t use itI work with tools installed in WSLI work with the project and tools located in WSLI run my application in WSLOther

This question was shown to all respondents who use Windows as their operating system.

For which platforms do you develop?

71%58%32%30%26%17% 7% 4% 2% 1% 1%Web (Back-end)Web (Front-end)DesktopMobileServer / InfrastructureCloudIoT / EmbeddedI don't develop anythingWebAssemblyConsoles (Xbox / PlayStation / Nintendo etc.)Other

What types of software do you develop (including apps in any programming language, for either professional or personal purposes)?

61%39%29%24%21%19%16%16%14%11% 9%WebsitesUtilitiesDatabase / Data StorageSystem SoftwareLibraries / FrameworksIT InfrastructureFinanceBusiness Intelligence / Data Science / Machine LearningProgramming ToolsEntertainmentGames
All results ▼

In which kinds of activities are you involved?

93%52%44%39%38%27%20%14%13%12%12%Coding / ProgrammingCode ReviewingTestingDeploymentSystem DesignInfrastructure Development / DevOpsSystem AdministrationData AnalysisUX/UI Design/ResearchAcademic ResearchTechnical Writing
All results ▼

What types of software do you develop?

By primary language

Column
Value
JavaScriptJavaPythonPHPSQLTypeScriptC#C++GoKotlin80%56%53%85%66%76%59%39%57%43%Websites40%37%45%39%38%41%45%44%43%46%Utilities (small apps for small tasks)30%29%31%36%47%27%37%25%28%21%Database / Data Storage23%27%24%24%28%23%29%28%31%22%System Software20%21%20%21%21%30%26%26%31%30%Libraries / Frameworks16%19%21%19%22%19%17%14%37%15%IT Infrastructure17%20%13%16%23%20%20%9%16%23%Finance12%15%31%11%19%12%14%22%13%12%Business Intelligence / Data Science / Machine Learning13%13%17%14%12%17%15%20%20%16%Programming Tools12%12%11%11%8%11%12%16%11%20%Entertainment7%9%10%6%5%8%20%21%6%10%Games5%6%10%5%5%6%7%10%7%7%Home Automation5%6%9%5%6%5%6%9%10%5%Security3%4%6%2%3%3%6%12%4%4%Hardware2%2%3%1%1%2%6%6%1%3%Augmented Reality / Virtual Reality2%2%3%2%2%3%2%4%4%2%Blockchain5%5%5%5%5%7%6%6%5%10%Other
00.85

For which platforms do you develop?

By primary language

Column
Value
DesktopMobileWeb (Back-end)Web (Front-end)ConsolesServer / InfrastructureIoT / EmbeddedWebAssemblyCloud61%37%35%31%5%32%35%9%8%Assembly51%28%39%33%2%27%26%2%12%C56%35%76%61%4%28%8%5%22%C#57%32%45%36%4%27%17%3%13%C++15%20%87%57%0%42%4%6%40%Clojure / ClojureScript42%15%35%25%-38%4%-26%COBOL26%37%72%72%-15%---CoffeeScript60%51%77%73%1%20%1%-5%Crystal28%92%64%65%1%17%8%1%13%Dart83%33%61%52%0%24%7%4%11%Delphi18%21%95%75%-38%5%-30%Elixir60%16%83%54%-39%11%7%42%F#21%20%86%47%1%54%8%3%32%Go--46%54%-----GraphQL22%23%79%46%0%46%3%1%38%Groovy59%35%62%51%-23%10%14%18%Haskell31%36%75%88%1%16%5%2%12%HTML / CSS30%31%77%50%1%28%7%1%18%Java28%35%82%86%1%21%5%1%16%JavaScript26%2%65%19%-46%11%1%34%Julia21%63%62%43%0%25%6%2%17%Kotlin39%44%52%34%13%39%11%2%2%Lua55%18%17%16%1%15%32%1%14%MATLAB25%94%27%41%0%14%7%3%7%Objective-C36%29%78%52%-50%14%1%21%Perl24%31%95%80%0%25%5%1%14%PHP39%25%66%48%1%32%11%1%22%Python48%24%36%32%0%24%18%3%21%R18%27%88%69%1%35%4%1%20%Ruby45%21%72%46%2%54%17%17%29%Rust19%10%82%40%0%52%6%2%36%Scala29%16%69%42%1%58%10%2%34%Shell scripting languages31%24%86%60%0%31%5%1%20%SQL32%90%46%45%2%16%9%2%12%Swift27%37%80%89%0%26%6%4%22%TypeScript61%26%43%35%0%19%8%1%7%Visual Basic
00.95

Popularity of programming languages

By region

Column
Value
JavaScriptJavaPythonPHPSQLTypeScriptC#C++GoKotlin47%25%25%33%18%10%13%9%4%5%Africa, Middle East, Central Asia50%29%21%19%24%13%16%5%5%5%Argentina36%26%18%15%17%13%16%7%3%5%Belarus50%28%25%24%24%14%13%5%3%8%Brazil41%31%36%19%14%16%15%13%5%6%Canada32%47%30%9%15%11%8%13%15%6%China36%24%22%28%19%18%15%10%5%6%East Europe, Balkan and Caucasus47%21%20%43%17%18%8%7%5%4%France32%33%23%32%15%19%15%11%7%8%Germany40%38%44%12%16%9%5%23%5%7%India28%25%29%21%18%18%13%8%10%9%Japan50%30%30%23%24%14%16%5%4%7%Latin America52%35%29%23%25%12%18%7%2%7%Mexico37%24%24%34%18%17%18%8%4%7%Northern Europe and Benelux43%28%23%30%17%17%13%9%5%6%Other Europe42%27%27%26%18%13%13%8%8%8%Other South-East Asia and Oceania28%18%23%19%23%13%15%13%9%8%Russian Federation40%53%31%5%21%10%6%11%4%10%South Korea43%34%24%31%23%15%11%4%5%7%Spain37%23%25%21%20%6%34%7%4%6%Turkey38%20%18%22%21%14%15%6%6%4%Ukraine41%22%27%33%18%16%16%8%6%4%United Kingdom40%27%35%27%21%13%13%12%7%6%United States
00.53

There are languages not listed in this table that are popular in some regions: Delphi is the primary language of 3% of the developer population in Brazil, for example, while Ruby (9%), Swift (6%), and Scala (4%) are popular in Japan.


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