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在archlinux安装配置VNC Server

 3 years ago
source link: https://www.lujun9972.win/blog/2018/09/20/%E5%9C%A8archlinux%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AEvnc-server/index.html
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在archlinux安装配置VNC Server

安装TigerVNC

sudo pacman -S tigervnc --noconfirm

启动VNC Server

直接运行 vncserver 会初始化一个配置文件,再此期间会提示你输入并确认登陆SVN Server的密码 

[lujun9972@T520 ~]$ vncserver

You will require a password to access your desktops.

Password:
Verify:
Would you like to enter a view-only password (y/n)? y
Password:
Verify:

New 'T520:1 (lujun9972)' desktop is T520:1

Creating default startup script /home/lujun9972/.vnc/xstartup
Creating default config /home/lujun9972/.vnc/config
Starting applications specified in /home/lujun9972/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/lujun9972/.vnc/T520:1.log

注意上面输出内容中的 T520:1,其后面的 :1 暗示了server监听的TCP端口为 5900+1=5901.

类似的，若你重新再运行一个 svnserver 实例 

[lujun9972@T520 ~]$ vncserver 

New 'T520:2 (lujun9972)' desktop is T520:2

Starting applications specified in /home/lujun9972/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/lujun9972/.vnc/T520:2.log

则这个新实例监听的TCP端口为 5900+2=5902

也就是说，若实例的编号为 :X 则监听的端口为 5900+X

当然，在启动时，我们也可以直接指定编号，比如 

[lujun9972@T520 .vnc]$ vncserver :4

New 'T520:4 (lujun9972)' desktop is T520:4

Starting applications specified in /home/lujun9972/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/lujun9972/.vnc/T520:4.log

通过systemd自动启动VNC Server

tigervnc安装后会有一个service模板单元，路径为 /usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver.service,我们只需要通过它拷贝出一个实例，然后设置其中的 USER 参数即可 

sudo cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/vncserver.service /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service
sudo sed -i "/^User=/ s/$/$USER/" /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service

然后启用该service: 

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable vncserver@:1.service

关闭VNC Server

使用 vncserver -kill :X 可以关闭指定编号的VNC Server 

[lujun9972@T520 ~]$ vncserver -kill :2
Killing Xvnc process ID 10148

配置VNC Server

VNC Server的启动脚本

VNC Server 在启动时会运行 ~/.vnc/xstartup 来初始化图形环境.

默认VNC Server会查找并根据 /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc 来初始化图形环境，我们可以修改下让它使用我们自己配置的图形环境. 只需要将 /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc 改成 ~/.xinitrc 即可 

unset SESSION_MANAGER
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
OS=`uname -s`
if [ $OS = 'Linux' ]; then
    case "$WINDOWMANAGER" in
        *gnome*)
            if [ -e /etc/SuSE-release ]; then
                PATH=$PATH:/opt/gnome/bin
                export PATH
            fi
            ;;
    esac
fi
if [ -x ~/.xinitrc ]; then
    exec ~/.xinitrc
fi
if [ -f ~/.xinitrc ]; then
    exec sh ~/.xinitrc
fi

VNC Server的其他配置信息

~/.vnc/config 中则可以对VNC Server本身进行参数设置，比如我们可以配置一下分辨率 

# securitytypes=vncauth,tlsvnc
# desktop=sandbox
geometry=1920x1080
# localhost
# alwaysshared
dpi=96

登陆VNC Server

直接运行 vncivew ${server}:${port},然后输入密码即可登陆VNC Server了

screenshot-59.png

不过VNC协议是没有加密的，可能被嗅探，因此推荐通过SSH tunnel进行封装 

ssh -L 5901:127.0.0.1:5901 -N -f -l ${username} ${server}

这样运行 vncview localhost:5901 就能通过SSH tunnel来登陆VNC Server了


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