socket绑定连接 sys_bind

/* 
 *  Bind a name to a socket. Nothing much to do here since it's 
 *  the protocol's responsibility to handle the local address. 
 * 
 *  We move the socket address to kernel space before we call 
 *  the protocol layer (having also checked the address is ok). 
 */  
  
SYSCALL_DEFINE3(bind, int, fd, struct sockaddr __user *, umyaddr, int, addrlen)  
{  
	struct socket *sock;  
	struct sockaddr_storage address;  
	int err, fput_needed;  
  
	/* 
	 * 以fd为索引从当前进程的文件描述符表中 
	 * 找到对应的file实例，然后从file实例的private_data中 
	 * 获取socket实例。 
	 */  
	sock = sockfd_lookup_light(fd, &err, &fput_needed);  
	if (sock) {  
		/* 
		 * 将用户空间的地址拷贝到内核空间的缓冲区中。 
		 */  
		err = move_addr_to_kernel(umyaddr, addrlen, (struct sockaddr *)&address);  
		if (err >= 0) {  
			/* 
			 * SELinux相关，不需要关心。 
			 */  
			err = security_socket_bind(sock,  
						   (struct sockaddr *)&address,  
						   addrlen);  
			/* 
			 * 如果是TCP套接字，sock->ops指向的是inet_stream_ops， 
			 * sock->ops是在inet_create()函数中初始化，所以bind接口 
			 * 调用的是inet_bind()函数。 
			 */  
			if (!err)  
				err = sock->ops->bind(sock,  
							  (struct sockaddr *)  
							  &address, addrlen);  
		}  
		fput_light(sock->file, fput_needed);  
	}  
	return err;  
}  

	sys_bind()
		|
		|----> sockfd_loockup_light()
		|
		|----> move_addr_to_kernel()
		|
		 ----> inet_bind()

int inet_bind(struct socket *sock, struct sockaddr *uaddr, int addr_len)  
{  
	struct sockaddr_in *addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)uaddr;  
	struct sock *sk = sock->sk;  
	struct inet_sock *inet = inet_sk(sk);  
	unsigned short snum;  
	int chk_addr_ret;  
	int err;  
  
	/* If the socket has its own bind function then use it. (RAW) */  
	/* 
	 * 如果是TCP套接字，sk->sk_prot指向的是tcp_prot，在 
	 * inet_create()中调用的sk_alloc()函数中初始化。由于 
	 * tcp_prot中没有设置bind接口，因此判断条件不成立。 
	 */  
	if (sk->sk_prot->bind) {  
		err = sk->sk_prot->bind(sk, uaddr, addr_len);  
		goto out;  
	}  
	err = -EINVAL;  
	if (addr_len < sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))  
		goto out;  
  
	/* 
	 * 判断传入的地址类型。 
	 */  
	chk_addr_ret = inet_addr_type(sock_net(sk), addr->sin_addr.s_addr);  
  
	/* Not specified by any standard per-se, however it breaks too 
	 * many applications when removed.  It is unfortunate since 
	 * allowing applications to make a non-local bind solves 
	 * several problems with systems using dynamic addressing. 
	 * (ie. your servers still start up even if your ISDN link 
	 *  is temporarily down) 
	 */  
	err = -EADDRNOTAVAIL;  
	/* 
	 * 如果系统不支持绑定本地地址，或者 
	 * 传入的地址类型有误，则返回EADDRNOTAVAIL 
	 * 错误。 
	 */  
	if (!sysctl_ip_nonlocal_bind &&  
		!(inet->freebind || inet->transparent) &&  
		addr->sin_addr.s_addr != htonl(INADDR_ANY) &&  
		chk_addr_ret != RTN_LOCAL &&  
		chk_addr_ret != RTN_MULTICAST &&  
		chk_addr_ret != RTN_BROADCAST)  
		goto out;  
  
	snum = ntohs(addr->sin_port);  
	err = -EACCES;  
	/* 
	 * 如果绑定的端口号小于1024(保留端口号)，但是 
	 * 当前用户没有CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE权限，则返回EACCESS错误。 
	 */  
	if (snum && snum < PROT_SOCK && !capable(CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE))  
		goto out;  
  
	/*      We keep a pair of addresses. rcv_saddr is the one 
	 *      used by hash lookups, and saddr is used for transmit. 
	 * 
	 *      In the BSD API these are the same except where it 
	 *      would be illegal to use them (multicast/broadcast) in 
	 *      which case the sending device address is used. 
	 */  
	lock_sock(sk);  
  
	/* Check these errors (active socket, double bind). */  
	err = -EINVAL;  
	/* 
	 * 如果套接字状态不是TCP_CLOSE(套接字的初始状态，参见 
	 * sock_init_data()函数)，或者已经绑定过，则返回EINVAL错误。 
	 */  
	if (sk->sk_state != TCP_CLOSE || inet->num)  
		goto out_release_sock;  
  
	inet->rcv_saddr = inet->saddr = addr->sin_addr.s_addr;  
	if (chk_addr_ret == RTN_MULTICAST || chk_addr_ret == RTN_BROADCAST)  
		inet->saddr = 0;  /* Use device */  
  
	/* Make sure we are allowed to bind here. */  
	/* 
	 * 这里实际调用的是inet_csk_get_port()函数。 
	 * 检查要绑定的端口号是否已经使用，如果已经使用， 
	 * 则检查是否允许复用。如果检查失败，则返回 
	 * EADDRINUSE错误。 
	 */  
	if (sk->sk_prot->get_port(sk, snum)) {  
		inet->saddr = inet->rcv_saddr = 0;  
		err = -EADDRINUSE;  
		goto out_release_sock;  
	}  
  
	/* 
	 * rcv_saddr存储的是已绑定的本地地址，接收数据时使用。 
	 * 如果已绑定的地址不为0，则设置SOCK_BINDADDR_LOCK标志， 
	 * 表示已绑定本地地址。 
	 */  
	if (inet->rcv_saddr)  
		sk->sk_userlocks |= SOCK_BINDADDR_LOCK;  
	/* 
	 * 如果绑定的端口号不为0，则设置SOCK_BINDPORT_LOCK标志， 
	 * 表示已绑定本地端口号。 
	 */  
	if (snum)  
		sk->sk_userlocks |= SOCK_BINDPORT_LOCK;  
	inet->sport = htons(inet->num);  
	inet->daddr = 0;  
	inet->dport = 0;  
	/* 
	 * 重新初始化目的路由缓存项，如果之前已设置，则 
	 * 调用dst_release()释放老的路由缓存项。 
	 */  
	sk_dst_reset(sk);  
	err = 0;  
out_release_sock:  
	release_sock(sk);  
out:  
	return err;  
}